Question 1

Deamination of amino acids, in the excretory system, will initially result in the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)   ammonia.
B)   urea.
C)   glucose.
D)   creatinine.
E)   uric acid.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Which of the following organisms is mismatched with their organs of excretion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Planarians - flame cells
B)   Earthworms - nephridia
C)   Malpighian tubules - reptiles
D)   Kidneys - humansE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)   nephron
B)   glomerular (Bowman's)  capsule
C)   glomerulus
D)   alveoli
E)   microvilliF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes)  involved in urine formation?

Accepted Answer

A)   countercurrent mechanism
B)   tubular reabsorption
C)   glomerular filtration
D)   tubular secretionE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

The kidney was one of the first organs to be successfully transplanted because it is so encapsulated and has limited vessels feeding into or out of it. How many major "connections" must be cut in transplant surgery for one kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   two: the renal artery and vein
B)   three: the renal artery and vein and the urethra
C)   three: the renal artery and vein and the ureter
D)   four: the renal artery and vein, the ureter, and urethra
E)   five: the renal artery and vein, two ureters, and one urethraF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The main nitrogenous waste excreted by terrestrial amphibians and mammals is

Accepted Answer

A)   urea.
B)   uric acid.
C)   amino acid.
D)   ammonia.
E)   uracil.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Accepted Answer

A)   renin
B)   angiotensinogen
C)   angiotensin II
D)   ADH
E)   aldosteroneF) A) and D)
G) B) and D) E

Question 8

Penicillin leaves the blood plasma through tubular walls and not through the glomerulus. Therefore, penicillin is removed from the blood by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   osmosis.
B)   glomerular filtration.
C)   tubular secretion.
D)   diffusion.
E)   tubular reabsorption.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

In aquatic vertebrates, which kidney function is critical to helping the organism maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A)   The kidneys function to maintain the balance between water and several types of salts.
B)   The kidneys produce a concentrated form of urine that will help decrease the amount of water lost by the organism.
C)   The kidneys have an incredible high rate of tubular reabsorption that allows them to be extremely efficient.
D)   The kidneys are relatively small and only require a limited blood supply to maintain their function.
E)   The kidneys will produce white blood cells that will assist the organism in defense of the body.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Identify these nitrogenous wastes.  
A: _____
B: _____
C: _____

Accepted Answer

A: ammonia...

Question 12

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)   The person would have trouble regulating their blood volume and pressure due to the imbalance of salt in the blood stream.
B)   There would be an increase in the amount of water retained in the body, leading to edema.
C)   There would be a significant increase in the amount of potassium that is excreted by the kidneys.
D)   All of the choices are potential consequences.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Accepted Answer

A)   tubular reabsorption.
B)   tubular secretion.
C)   osmosis.
D)   glomerular filtration.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood, the kidneys

Accepted Answer

A)   maintain blood volume.
B)   aid in regulation of blood pressure.
C)   help to maintain the blood pH.
D)   All of the choices are kidney functions.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following would be an indication of kidney failure?

Accepted Answer

A)   urea in the urine
B)   salts in the urine
C)   uric acid in the urine
D)   large amount of protein in the urine
E)   dilute urineF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

When ________ and _________ are broken down excess nitrogen is released that must be eliminated by the excretory system.

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acids & nucleic acids
B)   proteins & salts
C)   glucose & fatty acids
D)   nucleic acids & sulfurE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Normally, concentrations of metabolically important substances, such as glucose, are

Accepted Answer

A)   high in glomerular filtrate but only a trace in urine.
B)   low in glomerular filtrate but high in urine.
C)   high in glomerular filtrate and urine.
D)   low in both glomerular filtrate and urine.
E)   excluded from entering the excretory system altogether.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E) A

Question 18

In what way does caffeine affect the urinary system?
A. Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
B. Caffeine increases the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
C. Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the proximal convoluted tubule to reabsorb more water which leads to a decreased amount of urine formation.
D. Caffeine blocks the actions of ADH causing the glomerular capsule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.
E. Caffeine increases the actions of ADH causing the distal convoluted tubule to reabsorb less water which leads to an increased amount of urine formation.

Accepted Answer

Answers: Caffeine blocks the a...

Question 19

The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is

Accepted Answer

A)   urea.
B)   uric acid.
C)   amino acid.
D)   ammonia.
E)   uracil.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 20

Why is the secretion of uric acid beneficial to organisms that live in hot and dry environments?

Accepted Answer

A)   Uric acid has poor solubility in water so it will become concentrated during excretion as well as being relatively nontoxic.
B)   Uric acid has a high degree of solubility in water so it will become concentrated during excretion as well as being relatively nontoxic.
C)   Uric acid has poor solubility in water so it will become concentrated during excretion which allows the organism to use it as a defense mechanism.
D)   Uric acid can be readily reabsorbed by the urinary system so it decreases the amount of waste produced by the organism.E) All of the above
F) None of the above A

Exam 36: Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Deamination of amino acids, in the excretory system, will initially result in the formation of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following organisms is mismatched with their organs of excretion?

Correct Answer
verified

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Correct Answer
verified

The kidney was one of the first organs to be successfully transplanted because it is so encapsulated and has limited vessels feeding into or out of it. How many major "connections" must be cut in transplant surgery for one kidney?

Correct Answer
verified

The main nitrogenous waste excreted by terrestrial amphibians and mammals is

Correct Answer
verified

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Correct Answer
verified
E

Penicillin leaves the blood plasma through tubular walls and not through the glomerulus. Therefore, penicillin is removed from the blood by the process of

Correct Answer
verified

In aquatic vertebrates, which kidney function is critical to helping the organism maintaining homeostasis?

Correct Answer
verified

The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes.

Correct Answer
verified

Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: ___ B: _ C: ___

Correct Answer
verified
A: ammonia...
View Answer

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Correct Answer
verified

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Correct Answer
verified

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood, the kidneys

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be an indication of kidney failure?

Correct Answer
verified

When and _ are broken down excess nitrogen is released that must be eliminated by the excretory system.

Correct Answer
verified

Normally, concentrations of metabolically important substances, such as glucose, are

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified
Answers: Caffeine blocks the a...
View Answer

The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is

Correct Answer
verified

Why is the secretion of uric acid beneficial to organisms that live in hot and dry environments?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 36: Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Deamination of amino acids, in the excretory system, will initially result in the formation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following organisms is mismatched with their organs of excretion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidney was one of the first organs to be successfully transplanted because it is so encapsulated and has limited vessels feeding into or out of it. How many major "connections" must be cut in transplant surgery for one kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main nitrogenous waste excreted by terrestrial amphibians and mammals is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Penicillin leaves the blood plasma through tubular walls and not through the glomerulus. Therefore, penicillin is removed from the blood by the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In aquatic vertebrates, which kidney function is critical to helping the organism maintaining homeostasis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys filter all of the blood within the human body in about 40 minutes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: _____ B: _____ C: _____

Correct AnswerverifiedA: ammonia...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood, the kidneys

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be an indication of kidney failure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When ________ and _________ are broken down excess nitrogen is released that must be eliminated by the excretory system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally, concentrations of metabolically important substances, such as glucose, are

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers: Caffeine blocks the a...View AnswerShow Answer

The nitrogenous waste material of an embryo that accumulates inside the eggshell of a bird or reptile is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the secretion of uric acid beneficial to organisms that live in hot and dry environments?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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E

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Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: ___ B: _ C: ___

Correct Answer
verified
A: ammonia...
View Answer

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verified

When and _ are broken down excess nitrogen is released that must be eliminated by the excretory system.

Correct Answer
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A

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verified
Answers: Caffeine blocks the a...
View Answer

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A