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____ neurons respond during both performance of an action and during visual observations of that same action.


A) Template
B) Mirror
C) Echolalic
D) Modeling

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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In a dog kennel,if one dog starts barking,there is a tendency for the rest of the dogs to also start barking.This is an example of:


A) observational conditioning.
B) stimulus enhancement.
C) vocal learning.
D) contagion.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is true regarding violent entertainment and aggressive behavior?


A) The rate of homicides increased after TV was introduced,even in countries where TV was banned.
B) Level of arousal does not seem to play a role in the likelihood of a person behaving aggressively.
C) Children who play violent video games behave more aggressively than children who play nonviolent video games.
D) Children who watch the same violent TV show multiple times are more likely to behave aggressively than children who watch that same show only once.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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In Bandura's Bobo doll study,Bandura believed that the children were learning the aggressive acts:


A) after being rewarded for their behavior.
B) when they were imitating the model.
C) while they were observing the model.
D) right before they observed the model.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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What needs to happen in the brain for imitation to occur? How do mirror neurons achieve this?

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Grading criteria: There must b...

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When copying involves generating stimuli that can be directly compared with the originally observed stimuli,it is called:


A) true imitation.
B) stimulus matching.
C) emulation.
D) perspective taking.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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The third phase of song learning in songbirds involves:


A) memorizing songs.
B) practicing songs.
C) comparing their own songs to memories of songs they have heard in the past.
D) learning when it is appropriate to sing.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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In observational learning,it is difficult to predict what an organism will learn because:


A) learning occurs during copying but not during observation.
B) it is not always possible to determine what the organism perceives from the model.
C) the behavior can often be explained by instrumental conditioning rather than by observational learning.
D) it is hard to determine whether feedback is being provided to the observer.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Imagine you are attending a very fancy dinner for the first time.You learn which utensils to use for each course of the meal by watching which utensils the other guests use.This demonstrates:


A) observational conditioning.
B) stimulus enhancement.
C) social transmission of information.
D) contagion.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Studies of copying in humans and chimpanzees have shown that _____ are more likely to emulate a model's behavior than are _____ .


A) human adults;chimpanzees
B) human children;human adults
C) human children;chimpanzees
D) chimpanzees;human children

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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