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User-related segmentation is a popular and effective form of segmentation that categorises consumers in terms of their personality traits and characteristics.

A) True
B) False

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_______is accomplished by changing the promotional appeal, the distribution strategy or the price, based on the characteristics of a new segment or changing characteristics of the existing segment.


A) Positioning
B) Market segmentation
C) Repositioning
D) Targeting

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Benefit (or needs-based) segmentation requires finding the major benefits people look for in the product class, the kinds of people who look for each benefit and the brands that deliver each benefit.

A) True
B) False

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Selecting a market segment of single females, aged between 18-34 years, who have minimally completed high school is a form of what basis for segmentation?


A) Geographic.
B) Psychographic.
C) Psychological.
D) Demographic.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Cadbury changing its Schweppes ginger ale brand from a mixer for alcoholic drinks to a soft drink by refocusing its product mix (with more emphasis on flavoured ginger ales, such as raspberry ginger ale) , its advertising and its packaging, is an example of:


A) repositioning.
B) re-targeting.
C) rebranding.
D) market segmentation.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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A heightened interest in leisure travel that often occurs when people (single and married) reach their late 50s or early 60s, and an interest in learning to play golf are examples of:


A) the cohort effect.
B) ageing.
C) the conforming effect.
D) the age effect.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Groups of individuals born during the same period of time who grow and travel through life together, experiencing similar events as they grow up are called:


A) consumer cohorts.
B) baby boomers.
C) market segments.
D) none of the above.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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The four groupings of bases for market segmentation can be described through two different criteria:


A) facts vs. cognitions, and; company-rooted vs. company-specific.
B) facts vs. cognitions, and; consumer rooted vs. consumption-specific.
C) thoughts vs. actions, and; consumer-rooted vs. consumption-specific.
D) thoughts vs. actions and; company-rooted vs. company-specific.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The benefits of segmentation, targeting and positioning are:


A) consumers will perceive the product as better fulfilling their specific needs.
B) it enables organisations to avoid head-on competition in the marketplace.
C) it is more profitable than mass marketing.
D) all of the above.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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With the increasing fragmentation of Australian mass markets into hundreds of micromarkets, each having a different lifestyle with different requirements, target marketing is increasingly taking the form of:


A) micromarketing.
B) target marketing.
C) specific subgroup targeting.
D) micromanaging.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Sociocultural segmentation studies employ a battery of statements designed to identify relevant aspects of a consumer's personality, buying motives, interests, attitudes, beliefs and values.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The necessary criteria for successful segmentation include all of the following except:


A) large enough population.
B) general affluence of population.
C) population with positive buying behaviours.
D) sufficient diversity to be capable of being partitioned.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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If a company is new and has not had many financial successes yet, a differentiation strategy would be better.

A) True
B) False

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Segmenting consumers based on their motivations, personality, perceptions, learning, level of involvement or attitudes is part of psychological segmentation.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Many providers of microtargeting claim to have developed 'formulas' (or propriety algorithms) that assign consumers into groups in a way that enables marketers to predict the impact of the messages sent.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Geodemographic segmentation is most useful when advertisers' best prospects (in terms of affluence, available time, goals and interests) can be isolated in terms of where they live.

A) True
B) False

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Behavioural targeting is likely to be employed by businesses who are taking a countersegmentation strategy.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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_______ is developing a distinct image for the product or service in the mind of the consumer that will differentiate the offering from competing ones.


A) Segmentation
B) Targeting
C) Positioning
D) None of the above

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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An airline distinguishing between travellers who use Economy Class, Business Class and First Class is an example of what type of sociocultural segmentation?


A) Family life cycle segments.
B) Social class segments.
C) Core cultural values.
D) Subcultural membership.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Personality traits and lifestyle of a consumer are:


A) factual, consumer-rooted variables.
B) cognitive, consumption specific variables.
C) cognitive, consumer-rooted variables.
D) factual, consumption-specific variables.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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