Question 1

How does binding of epinephrine initiate cAMP production? Discuss briefly in terms of receptor structure and function.

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine binds to a 7TM receptor whic...

Question 2

What is the difference between heterotrimeric G proteins and small G proteins?

Accepted Answer

Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed o...

Question 3

Describe two roles of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)in signal transduction.

Accepted Answer

1.PIP₂ is one of the signal molecules in ...

Question 4

Advantages of second messengers include

Accepted Answer

A)   the signal can be amplified by making many second messengers.
B)   second messengers can freely diffuse to other sites within the cell.
C)   a few common second messengers can be used in multiple signaling pathways.
D)   All of the answers are correct.
E)   A and C.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

What enzyme becomes active when bound to Ca2+ and diacylglycerol?

Accepted Answer

A)   calmodulin
B)   protein kinase A
C)   protein kinase C
D)   phospholipase C
E)   adenylate cyclaseF) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 6

What is the relationship between monoclonal antibodies,breast cancer,and HER2?

Accepted Answer

HER2 is a membrane protein that is very ...

Question 7

Why is bound GTP considered a "clock"?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is always produced and degraded in specific time intervals.
B)   It is regulated by energy.
C)   The G α\alphaα  receptors have intrinsic GTPase activity, hydrolyzing GTP to GDP and Pi.
D)   It spontaneously hydrolyzes in the binding site of G proteins.
E)   None of the answers is correct. F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

What are some of the common structural features of the receptors to which signal molecules bind?

Accepted Answer

The molecule must have a signal-binding ...

Question 9

In addition to its range in concentration,what other property of calcium ion makes it a highly suitable messenger?

Accepted Answer

It can bind tightly to proteins because ...

Question 10

The enzyme responsible for induction of the phosphoinositide cascade is

Accepted Answer

A)   phospholipase C.
B)   phospholipase A.
C)   C-dependent protein (CDP) .
D)   calmodulin.
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 14: Signal-Transduction Pathways

What are some of the common structural features of the receptors to which signal molecules bind?

Correct Answer
verified
The molecule must have a signal-binding ...
View Answer

In addition to its range in concentration,what other property of calcium ion makes it a highly suitable messenger?

Correct Answer
verified
It can bind tightly to proteins because ...
View Answer

What is the difference between heterotrimeric G proteins and small G proteins?

Correct Answer
verified
Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed o...
View Answer

What enzyme becomes active when bound to Ca²⁺ and diacylglycerol?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe two roles of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP₂)in signal transduction.

Correct Answer
verified
1.PIP₂ is one of the signal molecules in ...
View Answer

The enzyme responsible for induction of the phosphoinositide cascade is

Correct Answer
verified

What is the relationship between monoclonal antibodies,breast cancer,and HER2?

Correct Answer
verified
HER2 is a membrane protein that is very ...
View Answer

Advantages of second messengers include

Correct Answer
verified

Why is bound GTP considered a "clock"?

Correct Answer
verified

How does binding of epinephrine initiate cAMP production? Discuss briefly in terms of receptor structure and function.

Correct Answer
verified
Epinephrine binds to a 7TM receptor whic...
View Answer

Exam 14: Signal-Transduction Pathways

What are some of the common structural features of the receptors to which signal molecules bind?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe molecule must have a signal-binding ...View AnswerShow Answer

In addition to its range in concentration,what other property of calcium ion makes it a highly suitable messenger?

Correct AnswerverifiedIt can bind tightly to proteins because ...View AnswerShow Answer

What is the difference between heterotrimeric G proteins and small G proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedHeterotrimeric G proteins are composed o...View AnswerShow Answer

What enzyme becomes active when bound to Ca2+ and diacylglycerol?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe two roles of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)in signal transduction.

Correct Answerverified1.PIP2 is one of the signal molecules in ...View AnswerShow Answer

The enzyme responsible for induction of the phosphoinositide cascade is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the relationship between monoclonal antibodies,breast cancer,and HER2?

Correct AnswerverifiedHER2 is a membrane protein that is very ...View AnswerShow Answer

Advantages of second messengers include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is bound GTP considered a "clock"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does binding of epinephrine initiate cAMP production? Discuss briefly in terms of receptor structure and function.

Correct AnswerverifiedEpinephrine binds to a 7TM receptor whic...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
The molecule must have a signal-binding ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
It can bind tightly to proteins because ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Heterotrimeric G proteins are composed o...
View Answer

What enzyme becomes active when bound to Ca²⁺ and diacylglycerol?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe two roles of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP₂)in signal transduction.

Correct Answer
verified
1.PIP₂ is one of the signal molecules in ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
HER2 is a membrane protein that is very ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Epinephrine binds to a 7TM receptor whic...
View Answer