Question 1

Humans can see objects as small as 0.1 mm.Leeuwenhoek's best microscope could magnify objects to 300X.Which of the following would be invisible using Leeuwenhoek's microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)   Poliovirus, 30 nm
B)   Red blood cell, 8  μ\muμ m
C)   Escherichia coli, 1  μ\muμ m X 4  μ\muμ m
D)   Pandora virus, 0.5 mm X 1 mm E) C) and D)
F) B) and D) A

Question 2

A common medium for culturing fastidious bacteria is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   trypticase soy agar
B)   reducing medium
C)   mannitol salt agar
D)   blood agar
E)   MacConkey mediumF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

The specimen preparation technique that is best for viewing cell motility is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   flagellar stain
B)   Gram stain
C)   negative stain
D)   hanging drop
E)   fixed, stained smearF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Cells of Staphylococcus aureus are cocci measuring about 1  μ\muμ m in diameter.In a textbook image of S. aureus,each cell measures about 1 cm.The magnification of the image on the page is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000X
B)  1,000X
C)  100X
D)  0.01X
E)  0.001XF) 0.0001XG) This is impossible to calculate without more information. H) D) and G)
I) B) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth that is then boiled and cooled?

Accepted Answer

A)   A pure culture
B)   A contaminated medium
C)   A liquid medium
D)   A mixed culture
E)   A solid mediumF) B) and D)
G) A) and B) E

Question 6

The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually-transmitted infection gonorrhea.Although it can be isolated from the vagina,there are numerous normal biota in that location as well.To generate a pure culture of this pathogenic bacterium,the best choice is a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   differential medium
B)   enrichment medium
C)   selective medium
D)   liquid mediumE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Newly inoculated cultures must be _____ at a specific temperature and time to encourage growth.

Accepted Answer

A)   incubated
B)   streaked
C)   spread
D)   pouredE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The wavelength of light used and the numerical aperture governs ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   resolution
B)   contrast
C)   illumination
D)   size of the field
E)   magnificationF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

What is the term for a culture made from one isolated colony?

Accepted Answer

A)   Axenic
B)   Mixed
C)   Pure
D)   Both axenic and mixed are correct.
E)   Both axenic and pure are correct.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Who invented the first crude microscope by grinding glass?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lister
B)   Schultz and Schwann
C)   Leeuwenhoek
D)   Redi
E)   PasteurF) All of the above
G) C) and E) C

Question 11

A nutrient medium that contains at least one ingredient that is not chemically defined is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   enriched
B)   complex
C)   reducing
D)   syntheticE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Comparing transmission electron microscopy with scanning electron microscopy,the following statement is true.

Accepted Answer

A)   Transmission EM is used for internal detail of cells and subcellular structures.
B)   Transmission EM gives detail of the external architecture of cells.
C)   Transmission EM requires dyes.
D)   Transmission EM can provide good images of bacteria but not viruses.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

A selective medium contains one or more substances that inhibit growth of some microbes to facilitate the growth of other desired microbes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What do the Gram stain,the acid-fast stain,and the endospore stain have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   They use heat to force the dye into cell structures.
B)   The staining outcome varies with the charge of the cell wall.
C)   They are used on a wet mount of the specimen.
D)   They are differential stains.
E)   They use a negative stain technique.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus aureus into a culture medium.Following incubation,both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are determined to be growing in this culture.What is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The microbiologist used too much inoculum.
B)   The culture medium was selective.
C)   The culture medium was differential.
D)   The culture was contaminated.
E)   The incubation temperature was incorrect.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

Some microbes are not capable of growing on artificial media as pure cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified and their precise concentrations known and reproducible is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   reducing
B)   enriched
C)   complex
D)   definedE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses.

Accepted Answer

A)   ocular
B)   condenser
C)   stage
D)   nosepieceE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bright-field
B)   Fluorescence
C)   Electron
D)   Dark-field
E)   Phase-contrastF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Robert Koch and his colleagues first used agar in bacteriological media.Why was this ingredient an improvement on previous materials used to culture bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Agar can convert from liquid to solid form, and back again, very easily.
B)   Agar is a complete source of nutrients for most bacteria.
C)   Bacteria growing on the solidified medium did not degrade or break down the agar.
D)   Agar was less expensive than the nutrients that Koch was previously using in the lab.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 3: Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Humans can see objects as small as 0.1 mm.Leeuwenhoek's best microscope could magnify objects to 300X.Which of the following would be invisible using Leeuwenhoek's microscope?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A common medium for culturing fastidious bacteria is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The specimen preparation technique that is best for viewing cell motility is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cells of Staphylococcus aureus are cocci measuring about 1 μ\muμ m in diameter.In a textbook image of S. aureus,each cell measures about 1 cm.The magnification of the image on the page is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth that is then boiled and cooled?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually-transmitted infection gonorrhea.Although it can be isolated from the vagina,there are numerous normal biota in that location as well.To generate a pure culture of this pathogenic bacterium,the best choice is a(n) ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Newly inoculated cultures must be _____ at a specific temperature and time to encourage growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The wavelength of light used and the numerical aperture governs ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term for a culture made from one isolated colony?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who invented the first crude microscope by grinding glass?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A nutrient medium that contains at least one ingredient that is not chemically defined is termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Comparing transmission electron microscopy with scanning electron microscopy,the following statement is true.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A selective medium contains one or more substances that inhibit growth of some microbes to facilitate the growth of other desired microbes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What do the Gram stain,the acid-fast stain,and the endospore stain have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A microbiologist inoculates Staphylococcus aureus into a culture medium.Following incubation,both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are determined to be growing in this culture.What is the most likely explanation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some microbes are not capable of growing on artificial media as pure cultures.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nutrient medium that has all of its chemical components identified and their precise concentrations known and reproducible is termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ of the microscope holds and allows selection of the objective lenses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest magnification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Robert Koch and his colleagues first used agar in bacteriological media.Why was this ingredient an improvement on previous materials used to culture bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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Cells of Staphylococcus aureus are cocci measuring about 1 $\mu$ m in diameter.In a textbook image of S. aureus,each cell measures about 1 cm.The magnification of the image on the page is ______.

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E

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C

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