Question 1

Which of the following is correct regarding the polymerse chain reaction test?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sheep red blood cells are added to the gel.
B)   The two strands of the DNA molecules are separated by heat.
C)   Antigen and antibody are allowed to react first.
D)   An enzyme-linked indicator is added.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Antibody testing requires

Accepted Answer

A)   only a known antigen.
B)   only a known antibody.
C)   both a known antigen and a known antibody.
D)   either a known antigen or a known antibody.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Microarrays are a powerful diagnostic tool because

Accepted Answer

A)   ribosomal RNA can be isolated, sequenced, and analyzed with speed and accuracy.
B)   PCR can be performed rapidly and the DNA matched against known gene sequence.
C)   analysis of the pathogen's genome can be performed and the gene sequences compared to suspected pathogens.
D)   a patient sample can be simultaneously tested for potentially thousands of suspected agents in the realm of the afflicting disease.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

Microarrays,hybridization tests,and ribotyping are increasing in frequency in their use in clinical labs for diagnosis of infectious diseases and the microorganisms causing them.Why is this?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have greater specificity for the organism because they employ specific antibody.
B)   They are cheaper than biochemical tests.
C)   The tests are more easily performed in a doctor's office or hospital, right there where the specimens are taken.
D)   Genomic testing has less errors compared to biochemical tests and serological tests.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Serotyping of bacteria cannot be used to identify which component?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA
B)   Flagella
C)   Capsule
D)   Cell wallE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes,which test can be effectively used?

Accepted Answer

A)   Weil-Felix reaction
B)   PCR
C)   Direct fluorescence antibody
D)   Western Blot
E)   WidalF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Urine and fecal specimens require

Accepted Answer

A)   sterile collection conditions.
B)   incubation in differential media.
C)   incubation in selective media.
D)   Both sterile collection conditions and incubation in differential media are correct.
E)   Both incubation in differential media and incubation in selective media are correct.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

You would like to identify as many bacterial species as possible in the human mouth. Why is biochemical testing not the most efficient and accurate method of completing this task?

Accepted Answer

A)  	Biochemical testing, using a variety of media, is inaccurate. It has been replaced by more advanced testing procedures.
B)  	Since you do not know the growth characteristics and metabolic properties of the bacteria in the mouth, you cannot determine all varieties of media to use for isolation and culture.
C)  	Bacteriological media is very expensive, particularly when you would have to use a variety of types to identify the different bacteria.
D)  	Bacteria in the mouth are difficult to grow because of the adverse conditions in the oral habitat.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Phage typing is useful in identifying ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mycobacterium leprae
B)   Streptococcus pyogenes
C)   Clostridium
D)   Treponema pallidum
E)   SalmonellaF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

It is necessary to do lab tests to diagnose all diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is not a phenotypic method of identification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antibody response
B)   Acid-fast reaction
C)   Gram stain reaction
D)   Endospore production
E)   MorphologyF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Which test is used to identify antigens on red blood cells for blood typing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Western blot
B)   Agglutination
C)   Precipitation
D)   Microarrays
E)   ELISAF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 13

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that the patient

Accepted Answer

A)   has active tuberculosis.
B)   is an asymptomatic carrier of tuberculosis.
C)   is immune to tuberculosis.
D)   has been exposed to tuberculosis.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

An infectious organism isolated from a patient has a sequence on its genome TATTGAAGC.This will hybridize to the RNA probe UAUUGAAGC.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

You are the supervisor of a new reference microbiology laboratory,which will receive clinical specimens for identification of bacterial pathogens.When choosing the types of media to order for culture and isolation procedures in your laboratory,what question(s) do you need to answer?

Accepted Answer

A)   What type of bacteria will you be culturing?
B)   What are the growth factors required by the bacteria that you will be identifying?
C)   What kind of microbiota will the patient specimens contain?
D)   All statements are correct.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

A urine specimen obtained from a patient went to the microbiology lab for a bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing.The specimen sat out on the processing counter for a couple of hours before being cultured.Twenty fours hours later,the lab report goes into the computer---over 100,000 bacterial cells per milliliter of urine.Which statement is an accurate assessment of these results?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacterial count is not accurate since the culture sat without refrigeration.
B)   Not all bacteria will grow on bacteriological media, so the total count is grossly underestimated.
C)   Urine samples have to be taken from the kidney in order to get a true bacterial count.
D)   Urine is a sterile fluid as it leaves the body, so it is likely that the specimen was mishandled by the nursing staff when the sample was obtained.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

The primary advantage of genotypic analysis for identification is that

Accepted Answer

A)   it is less expensive than other methods.
B)   culturing of the organism is not required.
C)   it is easier than any other method.
D)   it is widely available.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen and not to react with any others is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   specificity
B)   sensitivity
C)   cross-reaction
D)   agglutination
E)   precipitationF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Which of the following is not a genotypic method of identification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pulse-field gel electrophoresis
B)   DNA analysis with probes
C)   G + C composition
D)   Direct antigen testing
E)   rRNA sequencingF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

A direct immunofluorescence test involves a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   agglutination reaction.
B)   lysis reaction.
C)   known antibody binding to an unknown antigen.
D)   precipitation reaction.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: Diagnosing Infections

Which of the following is correct regarding the polymerse chain reaction test?

Correct Answer
verified

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes,which test can be effectively used?

Correct Answer
verified

The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen and not to react with any others is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Microarrays are a powerful diagnostic tool because

Correct Answer
verified

Serotyping of bacteria cannot be used to identify which component?

Correct Answer
verified

Microarrays,hybridization tests,and ribotyping are increasing in frequency in their use in clinical labs for diagnosis of infectious diseases and the microorganisms causing them.Why is this?

Correct Answer
verified

It is necessary to do lab tests to diagnose all diseases.

Correct Answer
verified

An infectious organism isolated from a patient has a sequence on its genome TATTGAAGC.This will hybridize to the RNA probe UAUUGAAGC.

Correct Answer
verified

You are the supervisor of a new reference microbiology laboratory,which will receive clinical specimens for identification of bacterial pathogens.When choosing the types of media to order for culture and isolation procedures in your laboratory,what question(s) do you need to answer?

Correct Answer
verified

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that the patient

Correct Answer
verified

You would like to identify as many bacterial species as possible in the human mouth. Why is biochemical testing not the most efficient and accurate method of completing this task?

Correct Answer
verified

Which test is used to identify antigens on red blood cells for blood typing?

Correct Answer
verified

Phage typing is useful in identifying ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A direct immunofluorescence test involves a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Antibody testing requires

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Urine and fecal specimens require

Correct Answer
verified

The primary advantage of genotypic analysis for identification is that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a genotypic method of identification?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a phenotypic method of identification?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 17: Diagnosing Infections

Which of the following is correct regarding the polymerse chain reaction test?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When minute samples of DNA need to be genetically analyzed for identification purposes,which test can be effectively used?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen and not to react with any others is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microarrays are a powerful diagnostic tool because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Serotyping of bacteria cannot be used to identify which component?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microarrays,hybridization tests,and ribotyping are increasing in frequency in their use in clinical labs for diagnosis of infectious diseases and the microorganisms causing them.Why is this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is necessary to do lab tests to diagnose all diseases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An infectious organism isolated from a patient has a sequence on its genome TATTGAAGC.This will hybridize to the RNA probe UAUUGAAGC.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are the supervisor of a new reference microbiology laboratory,which will receive clinical specimens for identification of bacterial pathogens.When choosing the types of media to order for culture and isolation procedures in your laboratory,what question(s) do you need to answer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A positive serological test for tuberculosis indicates that the patient

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You would like to identify as many bacterial species as possible in the human mouth. Why is biochemical testing not the most efficient and accurate method of completing this task?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which test is used to identify antigens on red blood cells for blood typing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phage typing is useful in identifying ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A direct immunofluorescence test involves a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibody testing requires

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine and fecal specimens require

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary advantage of genotypic analysis for identification is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a genotypic method of identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a phenotypic method of identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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