Question 1

A person will typically experience the sensation of _____ when fever is starting to occur in the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  pain
B)  chills
C)  sweating
D)  heatE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

The second line of defense includes inflammation, phagocytosis, fever, and antimicrobial proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

All of the following pertain to platelets, except

Accepted Answer

A)  they are not whole cells but are pieces of cells.
B)  they originate from giant multinucleate cells called megakaryocytes.
C)  they function in blood clotting and inflammation.
D)  they function primarily in hemostasis.
E)  they contain hemoglobin to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

One of the major differences between the first and second line of defense is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the first line defenses involve complement proteins whereas the second line defenses involve antibodies.
B)  the first line defenses involve the respiratory tract whereas the second line defenses involve the gastrointestinal tract.
C)  the first line defenses are mechanisms whereas the second line defenses are physical barriers to infection.
D)  the first line defenses are anatomical barriers whereas the second line defenses are mechanisms.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

All of the following are physical barriers to pathogens, except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hairs
B)  T cells
C)  unbroken skin
D)  mucous
E)  tearsF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Despite not being a physical barrier, the resident microbiota are considered part of the first line of defense since they stimulate inflammation and fever, enhancing pathogen removal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  markers
B)  sizes
C)  cell processes
D)  shapes
E)  cell wallsF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

The least numerous of all white blood cells that release histamine during inflammation and allergic reactions are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  eosinophils
B)  lymphocytes
C)  neutrophils
D)  monocytes
E)  basophilsF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

What is the first step in the major events of the inflammatory process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of complement
B)  Vascular reactions
C)  Injury and mast cells releasing chemical mediators
D)  Formation of pus and edema
E)  Scar formation and/or resolutionF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Plasma is also called lymph.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Hematopoiesis is the

Accepted Answer

A)  production of only red blood cells.
B)  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging.
C)  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues.
D)  production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
E)  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complement production
B)  Inflammation
C)  Interferon production
D)  Lysozyme production
E)  PhagocytosisF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Your 81-year old grandfather has been diagnosed with cancer of the thymus.The doctor is urging surgical removal of the cancer, but you and the family are worried about the consequences of removing an entire organ such as the thymus.Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Your grandfather would not be able to produce complement proteins necessary for pathogen control and inflammation.
B)  Your grandfather will have a loss of T lymphocytes and will have an immune deficiency.
C)  Your grandfather would not have sufficient phagocytic cells and would not be able to contain bacterial infections.
D)  There is nothing to worry about; thymus removal will not affect your grandfather's immune status at his age.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Plasma cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are derived from T lymphocytes.
B)  function in cell-mediated immunity.
C)  function in blood clotting.
D)  produce and secrete antibodies.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Certain complement components stimulate inflammation and phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has chemicals in its cell wall that inhibit the fusion of phagocytic vacuoles with lysosomes.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complement proteins will take over to destroy the bacteria.
B)  Antibodies produced by the cells can more effectively kill the bacteria.
C)  The bacterium can survive and replicate inside of the phagocytic cell.
D)  The bacterium can produce chemicals which can destroy the macrophage housing the bacterium.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The main function of the mononuclear phagocyte system is to provide

Accepted Answer

A)  surveillance cells.
B)  a connection between tissues and organs.
C)  filtration of extracellular fluid.
D)  filtration of blood.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which body region is protected by fatty acids, acidic pH, lactic acid, and a tough cell barrier with its own normal biota?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eyes
B)  Skin
C)  Urinary tract
D)  Digestive tract
E)  Respiratory tractF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 20

What structures are found along lymphatic vessels and are heavily clustered in the armpit, groin, and neck?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spleen
B)  Thymus
C)  GALT
D)  Tonsils
E)  Lymph nodesF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Exam 14: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Mycobacterium tuberculosis has chemicals in its cell wall that inhibit the fusion of phagocytic vacuoles with lysosomes.Which statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes mature in the thymus gland.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma is also called lymph.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which body region is protected by fatty acids, acidic pH, lactic acid, and a tough cell barrier with its own normal biota?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to platelets, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are physical barriers to pathogens, except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the first step in the major events of the inflammatory process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Despite not being a physical barrier, the resident microbiota are considered part of the first line of defense since they stimulate inflammation and fever, enhancing pathogen removal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Certain complement components stimulate inflammation and phagocytosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person will typically experience the sensation of _____ when fever is starting to occur in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During what process are hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide produced in order to destroy bacteria and inhibit viral replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immune system cells differentiate between self and foreign cells by their ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hematopoiesis is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your 81-year old grandfather has been diagnosed with cancer of the thymus.The doctor is urging surgical removal of the cancer, but you and the family are worried about the consequences of removing an entire organ such as the thymus.Which statement is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The least numerous of all white blood cells that release histamine during inflammation and allergic reactions are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What structures are found along lymphatic vessels and are heavily clustered in the armpit, groin, and neck?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main function of the mononuclear phagocyte system is to provide

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the major differences between the first and second line of defense is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The second line of defense includes inflammation, phagocytosis, fever, and antimicrobial proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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