Exam 8: Cooling Towers

A) relative humidity
B) standard humidity
C) wet bulb
D) approach to the tower

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A simple atmospheric cooling tower is typically composed of several basic components. These include a water inlet pipe, a distribution system (such as nozzles or fill material) to evenly distribute the water over the tower's surface, a fan or natural draft system to draw air through the tower, a drift eliminator to prevent water droplets from escaping with the exhaust air, and a water outlet pipe. In addition, some cooling towers may also have a sump at the bottom to collect and hold the cooled water before it is recirculated back into the system. These components work together to facilitate the transfer of heat from the water to the air, thus cooling the water before it is reused in industrial processes or air conditioning systems.

A) parallel flow
B) series flow
C) cross flow
D) counter-current flow

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A) wind velocity
B) temperature
C) air intake louver position
D) a & b

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A) counterflow
B) cross-flow

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A) wet bulb ÷ dry bulb
B) relative humidity ÷ dry bulb
C) approach to tower
D) temperature delta

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A) How it produces air flow; mechanical or natural.
B) How the air flows in relation to the downward flow of water; cross or counter current.
C) How the water flows in relation to the downward flow of air, cross or counter.
D) a & b

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A) counterflow
B) cross-flow

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A) chemical plants
B) power plants
C) refineries
D) fertilizer plants

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A) Hot water dissolves a little bit of everything it comes in contact with. By the time the hot water returns to the tower it is full of suspended solids.
B) Hot water also has a tendency to become corrosive and deposit forming.
C) When hot water enters the cooling tower laced with suspended solids it undergoes evaporation. This process removes water and leaves the solids. The remaining fluid concentrates in the basin. Over time this concentration will build up to levels that must be controlled.
D) Increases oxygen level in the water raising pH levels.

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A) parallel flow
B) series flow
C) cross flow
D) counter-current flow

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To draw a simple flow diagram of a cooli...

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1) Water distribution system
2...

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A) box shaped collection of multi-layered wooden slats and louvers that direct air flow and breaks up water as it falls from the top of the tower or water distribution header.
B) internal design of the tower ensures good air and water contact.
C) chimney design used to move air flow by buoyancy forces.
D) a & b

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A) latent heat of vaporization
B) latent heat of condensation
C) sensible heat
D) latent heat of fusion

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A) louvers
B) drift eliminators
C) columns
D) splash bars

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A) forced, speeds-up, efficiency increase
B) forced, slows-down, efficiency decrease
C) induced, speeds-up, efficiency increase
D) induced, slows-down, efficiency decrease

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