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Exam 11: Heat

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Question 31

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The heat required to change a substance from the solid to the liquid state is referred to as the

A) heat of freezing.
B) heat of vaporization.
C) heat of melting.
D) heat of fusion.

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 32

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Two equal mass objects (which are in thermal contact) make up a system that is thermally isolated from its surroundings. One object has an initial temperature of 100°C and the other has an initial temperature of 0°C. What is the equilibrium temperature of the system, assuming that no phase changes take place for either object? (The hot object has a specific heat capacity that is three times that of the cold object.)

A) 19°C
B) 25°C
C) 23°C
D) 50°C
E) 75°C

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Question 33

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The mechanical equivalent of heat was first determined by

How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 200 g of lead (c = 0.11 kcal/kg . °C) by 10 C°?

A substance with a greater specific heat will ________ have a large latent heat.

An aluminum kettle (mass = 100 g) of pure water (mass = 60 g) is at room temperature (20°C) . The kettle and its contents are placed on a 1000-Watt electric burner and heated to boiling. Assuming that all the heat from the burner heats the kettle and its contents and that a negligible amount of water evaporates before boiling begins, calculate the amount of time required to bring the water to a boil.

Which of the following would be the best radiator of thermal energy?

Explain how the specific heats of materials are measured using the technique of calorimetry.

Which of the following walls (identical areas) would be the best thermal INSULATOR? (thermal conductivities, k, are given in J/m-s-C°)

A chunk of ice (T = -20°C) is added to a thermally insulated container of cold water (T = 0°C) . What happens in the container?

What temperature exists inside a solar collector (effective collection area of 15 m²) on a bright sunny day when the outside temperature is +20.°C? Assume that the collector is thermally insulated, that the sun irradiates the collector with a power per unit area of 600 W/m², and that the collector acts as a perfect black body.

Gasoline yields 4.8 × 10⁷ joules per kg when burned. The density of gasoline is approximately the same as that of water, and 1 gal = 3.8 L. How much energy does your car use on a trip of 100 mi if you get 25 mi per gallon?

What is the power output of a hot air furnace that produces heat at the rate of 160,000. BTU/hr?

A 0.10 kg piece of copper, initially at 95°C, is dropped into 0.20 kg of water contained in a 0.28-kg aluminum can; the water and aluminum are initially at 15°C. What is the final temperature of the system?

At higher altitudes water boils at ________ temperature as/than at sea level.

8.0 grams of water initially at 100°C are poured into a cavity in a very large block of ice initially at 0°C How many g of ice melt before thermal equilibrium is attained?

1500 J of work is equivalent to how much heat?

Steam will burn the skin more severely than boiling water because of water's relatively large

It was once thought that a "black hole" absorbed all the radiation falling upon it and radiated none. If this were true, what would one infer the temperature of a black hole to be? Actually Stephen Hawking discovered that black holes have a VERY small probability of radiating. Modifying your first answer, would you now infer a large or small temperature for a black hole.?

A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper; the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater temperature change during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?