Question 1

The relevance of the pseudocoelom to phylogeny has been questioned. Rotifera and Nematoda both have a pseudocoelom. The molecular evidence suggests which of the following conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Molecular evidence confirms that rotifers and nematodes are closely related and that both participate in the same monophyletic clade.
B)   Rotifers are more closely related to Lophotrochozoa than to nematodes.
C)   Rotifers are more closely related to echinoderms than to nematodes.
D)   Rotifers are more closely related to chordates than to nematodes.
E)   Rotifers are more closely related to nematodes than to mollusks.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E) B

Question 2

Metamerism is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the division of the body into segments
B)   the fusion of body parts
C)   shedding of the skin
D)   formation of the germ layers in early development
E)   the first cellular division following fertilizationF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following statements best defines the feature(s)  linking all animals, but separating them from all other organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are terrestrial or secondarily aquatic.
B)   They have digestive enzymes.
C)   They are heterotrophic.
D)   The nature of their small subunit rRNA gene sequences is different.
E)   All of the choices provided are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Animal classification has undergone a reassessment in recent years because of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Carl Linnaeus' new data
B)   comparisons of DNA and rRNA among different taxa
C)   new, genetically engineered species
D)   developing resistance to antibiotics
E)   all of the choices providedF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

The coelom forms in two different ways. Which of the following statements best compares those ways?

Accepted Answer

A)   In schizocoelous development a solid mass of mesoderm splits to form the coelom whereas in enterocoelous development a layer of mesoderm cells forms a pocket off of the developing gut to form the coelom.
B)   In enterocoelous development a solid mass of mesoderm splits to form the coelom whereas in schizocoelous development a layer of mesoderm cells forms a pocket off of the developing gut to form the coelom.
C)   In enterocoelous development the coelom forms inside the mesoderm whereas in schizocoelous development the coelom forms on the outside of the mesoderm.
D)   In schizocoelous development the coelom forms within the mesoderm whereas in enterocoelous development, no coelom is formed at all.
E)   Schizocoelous and enterocoelous both form the coelom in identical ways, the difference merely being that the term schizocoelous is used only for deuterostomes and enterocoelous is used only for protostomes.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The terms "dorsal" and "oral" are synonyms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

You are given an embryo with eight cells and you carefully separate them and allow them to develop in separate containers. Each of the cells forms a complete embryo that develops normally into an adult animal. How would you categorize your animal?

Accepted Answer

A)   It has indeterminate cleavage.
B)   It has determinate cleavage.
C)   It is a protostome.
D)   It is an annelid, mollusk, or arthropod.
E)   It has spiral cleavage.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT a major morphological criterion on which traditional classification of animals was based?

Accepted Answer

A)   presence or absence of a true body cavity
B)   type of symmetry
C)   pattern of embryonic development
D)   presence or absence of certain types of tissue
E)   basic pattern of cell divisionF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The aboral side of a radially symmetrical animal is:

Accepted Answer

A)   the side containing the mouth
B)   the side opposite the side containing the mouth
C)   its outside
D)   its inside
E)   All of the other choices provided are incorrectF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 10

Very great differences in body form can result from only small differences of gene expression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Animals are monophyletic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Traditional and molecular phylogenies disagree on which one of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

A)   whether or not the Eumetazoa are monophyletic
B)   whether the Bilateria and Radiata split early into separate monophyletic clades
C)   whether the split between Parazoa and Eumetazoa occurred at a very early stage in animal evolution
D)   whether Echinodermata and Chordata are both deuterostomes
E)   whether the appearance and type of coelom is important in interpreting phylogenyF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The putative ancestor of animals was:

Accepted Answer

A)   choanoflagellates
B)   chytrids
C)   gnetophytes
D)   stramenopiles
E)   euglenozoaF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

A reinterpretation of animal phylogeny (differing from morphologically based phylogeny)  that was made possible by molecular techniques, was:

Accepted Answer

A)   designation of the Ecdysozoa and Lophotrochozoa as clades
B)   designation of the Bilateria as a monophyletic group
C)   designation of annelids and arthropods as closely related
D)   designation of rotifers and nematodes as closely related
E)   placement of echinoderms and chordates in entirely different cladesF) A) and C)
G) A) and D) A

Question 15

If you were to discover a new species of animal that did not have body segments, but shed its exoskeleton and was a protostome, under the molecular phylogenetic scheme, you would allocate it to which of the following phyla?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mollusca
B)   Echinodermata
C)   Nematoda
D)   Platyhelminthes
E)   ArthropodaF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

The number of animal species now known is about:

Accepted Answer

A)   10 million
B)   100 million
C)   1 million
D)   15 million
E)   5 millionF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Stem cells have determinate cleavage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have Hox genes.
B)   They are heterotrophic.
C)   They have an extracellular matrix of proteins such as collagen.
D)   They have cell walls.
E)   They have a nervous system.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Metamerism is a characteristic feature of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Annelida
B)   Arthropoda
C)   Chordata
D)   all of the three phyla listed
E)   none of the three phyla listedF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Exam 32: An Introduction to Animal Diversity

The relevance of the pseudocoelom to phylogeny has been questioned. Rotifera and Nematoda both have a pseudocoelom. The molecular evidence suggests which of the following conclusions?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Metamerism is:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements best defines the feature(s) linking all animals, but separating them from all other organisms?

Correct Answer
verified

Animal classification has undergone a reassessment in recent years because of:

Correct Answer
verified

The coelom forms in two different ways. Which of the following statements best compares those ways?

Correct Answer
verified

The terms "dorsal" and "oral" are synonyms.

Correct Answer
verified

You are given an embryo with eight cells and you carefully separate them and allow them to develop in separate containers. Each of the cells forms a complete embryo that develops normally into an adult animal. How would you categorize your animal?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following was NOT a major morphological criterion on which traditional classification of animals was based?

Correct Answer
verified

The aboral side of a radially symmetrical animal is:

Correct Answer
verified

Very great differences in body form can result from only small differences of gene expression.

Correct Answer
verified

Animals are monophyletic.

Correct Answer
verified

Traditional and molecular phylogenies disagree on which one of the following issues?

Correct Answer
verified

The putative ancestor of animals was:

Correct Answer
verified

A reinterpretation of animal phylogeny (differing from morphologically based phylogeny) that was made possible by molecular techniques, was:

Correct Answer
verified
A

If you were to discover a new species of animal that did not have body segments, but shed its exoskeleton and was a protostome, under the molecular phylogenetic scheme, you would allocate it to which of the following phyla?

Correct Answer
verified

The number of animal species now known is about:

Correct Answer
verified

Stem cells have determinate cleavage.

Correct Answer
verified
False

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most animals?

Correct Answer
verified

Metamerism is a characteristic feature of:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 32: An Introduction to Animal Diversity

The relevance of the pseudocoelom to phylogeny has been questioned. Rotifera and Nematoda both have a pseudocoelom. The molecular evidence suggests which of the following conclusions?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Metamerism is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best defines the feature(s) linking all animals, but separating them from all other organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal classification has undergone a reassessment in recent years because of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The coelom forms in two different ways. Which of the following statements best compares those ways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The terms "dorsal" and "oral" are synonyms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are given an embryo with eight cells and you carefully separate them and allow them to develop in separate containers. Each of the cells forms a complete embryo that develops normally into an adult animal. How would you categorize your animal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following was NOT a major morphological criterion on which traditional classification of animals was based?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The aboral side of a radially symmetrical animal is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Very great differences in body form can result from only small differences of gene expression.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animals are monophyletic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Traditional and molecular phylogenies disagree on which one of the following issues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The putative ancestor of animals was:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reinterpretation of animal phylogeny (differing from morphologically based phylogeny) that was made possible by molecular techniques, was:

Correct AnswerverifiedA

If you were to discover a new species of animal that did not have body segments, but shed its exoskeleton and was a protostome, under the molecular phylogenetic scheme, you would allocate it to which of the following phyla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of animal species now known is about:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stem cells have determinate cleavage.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metamerism is a characteristic feature of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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B

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A

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False

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