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Which of the following is unique to genetic males early in development?​


A) Wolffian ducts
B) ​primitive gonads
C) ​Müllerian ducts
D) Müllerian inhibiting hormone

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Müllerian ducts are found in ____.​


A) genetic female fetuses only
B) ​genetic male fetuses only
C) ​female and male fetuses early in development
D) female and male fetuses until shortly before birth

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Describe some of the evidence that brain anatomy may differ as a function of sexual orientation.​

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Do brains also differ as a function of s...

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Hormones are capable of inducing long-lasting changes throughout the body.​

A) True
B) False

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What were the findings of a study of CAH girls in adolescence?​


A) They read more sports magazines than the average for other teenage girls.
B) ​They read more glamour magazines than the average for other teenage girls.
C) ​They show less physical aggression than most other women do as adults.
D) They show more interest in infants than most other women do as adults.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The sexually dimorphic nucleus is part of the ____.​


A) thalamus
B) ​Wolffian ducts
C) ​anterior hypothalamus
D) male brain, only

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Many female mammals become very attentive after delivering their babies largely because of a sudden ____.​


A) drop in testosterone levels
B) ​surge of prolactin and oxytocin
C) ​decrease of prolactin and increase of oxytocin
D) increase of prolactin and decrease of oxytocin

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Male sexual behavior depends heavily on neurons in the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus releasing which substance?​


A) testosterone
B) ​dopamine
C) ​estrogen
D) luteinizing hormone

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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In general,when do hormones produce "organizing effects"?​


A) whenever the levels of some other hormone have decreased
B) ​during early stages in development
C) ​during adulthood
D) temporarily at any time in life

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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At what point in the menstrual cycle,if any,are women who are NOT on birth-control pills most likely to initiate sexual activity?​


A) at any point in the menstrual cycle
B) ​just after the end of menstruation
C) ​during the periovulatory period
D) just before the next menstrual period

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In the middle of the menstrual cycle,an increased release of estradiol causes a(n) ____.​


A) decrease in the release of FSH
B) ​decrease in the release of LH
C) ​sudden surge in the release of luteinizing hormone
D) increase in the release of testosterone

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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What hormone is released during orgasm and is apparently responsible for the calmness and lack of anxiety after orgasm?​


A) insulin
B) ​aldosterone
C) ​melatonin
D) oxytocin

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Wolffian ducts are found in ____.​


A) genetic female fetuses only
B) ​genetic male fetuses only
C) ​female and male fetuses early in development
D) female and male fetuses until shortly before birth

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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What is one current recommendation for raising children who have intersex conditions?​


A) Raise the child according to whether the chromosomes are male or female.
B) ​Wait until later and let the child decide whether to be called male or female.
C) ​Identify the child as female, and have genital surgery performed as soon as possible.
D) Identify the child as male or female based mainly on the predominant external appearance.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Of the various hypotheses based on hormone levels,which is the most plausible explanation for male homosexuality?​


A) Adult testosterone levels are low.
B) ​Adult estrogen levels are high.
C) ​Prenatal testosterone levels were low during some sensitive period.
D) Prenatal estrogen levels were high during some sensitive period.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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When examining the data on sexual orientation of twins and other siblings,what seems to be the most reasonable conclusion?​


A) Genetic factors completely determine sexual orientation.
B) ​Genetic factors play no role in sexual orientation.
C) ​Sexual orientation is determined by genetics as well as other factors.
D) Genetic factors determine sexual orientation in men, but do not seem to play a role for women.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Birth control pills prevent pregnancy by ____.​


A) increasing the release of estrogen
B) ​increasing the release of FSH
C) ​interfering with the feedback cycle between the ovaries and the pituitary
D) inactivating both ovaries

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following depends on an organizing effect of hormones?​


A) whether an organism develops as male or female
B) ​the degree of sexual activity at any time
C) ​the timing of migration or hibernation
D) current metabolic rate

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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The frequency of homosexuality in men is highest if ____.​


A) a sister is homosexual
B) ​an adopted brother is homosexual
C) ​a dizygotic twin brother is homosexual
D) a monozygotic twin brother is homosexual

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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The hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy is ____.​


A) testosterone
B) ​androgen
C) ​progesterone
D) estradiol

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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