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What steps should you follow when determining whether there are harmonic problems in single-phase systems?

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There are several steps that can be foll...

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THDF stands for ____.


A) triplen harmonic derating factor
B) triplen harmonic desensitizing field
C) transformer honed resultant field
D) transformer harmonic derating factor

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Harmonics are produced by loads that draw current in ____.


A) a sine wave
B) a linear manner
C) a continuous manner
D) pulses

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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D

Harmonics are voltages or currents that operate at a frequency that is ____ the fundamental power frequency.


A) a multiple of
B) a divisor of
C) double
D) within 10 Hz of

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A ____ is used to smooth the pulsations caused by a bridge rectifier.


A) phasor
B) filter capacitor
C) transistor
D) diode

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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One way to deal with harmonic problems is to install a ____ neutral conductor.


A) larger
B) smaller
C) common
D) triplen

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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To minimize interference, communication cables are run as close to the ____ conductor as possible.


A) positive phase
B) negative phase
C) triplen
D) neutral

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The most accurate method for determining whether there is a harmonics problem is to use a(n) ____.


A) transformer
B) average value ammeter
C) true rms ammeter
D) harmonic analyzer

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Transformers are typically designed for ____-hertz operation.


A) 50
B) 60
C) 100
D) 120

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Harmonics called ____ have a zero sequence.


A) positives
B) negatives
C) doublens
D) triplens

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The instantaneous peak value of current is equal to the rms value multiplied by ____.


A) 0.651
B) 1.111
C) 1.414
D) 1.730

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Harmonic currents in the neutral conductor induce ____ currents into the communication cable.


A) high-frequency
B) low-frequency
C) no new
D) constant

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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What problems are caused by harmonics in circuit breakers?

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Thermomagnetic circuit breakers use a bi...

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What problems do triplens pose for neutral bus ducts?

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Triplen harmonic currents can also cause problems with neutral bus ducts and connecting lugs. A neutral bus is sized to carry the rated phase current. Since triplen harmonics can cause the neutral current to be higher than the phase current, it is possible for the neutral bus to become overloaded. Electrical panelboards and bus ducts are designed to carry currents that operate at 60 hertz. Harmonic currents produce magnetic fields that operate at higher frequencies. If these fields should become mechanically resonant with the panelboard or bus duct enclosures, the panelboards and bus ducts can vibrate and produce buzzing sounds at the harmonic frequency.

How are harmonics classified?

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Harmonics are classified by name, frequency, and sequence. The name refers to whether the harmonic is the second, third, fourth, and so on, of the fundamental frequency. The frequency refers to the operating frequency of the harmonic. The second harmonic operates at 120 hertz, the third at 180 hertz, the fourth at 240 hertz, and so on. The sequence refers to the phasor rotation with respect to the fundamental waveform. In an induction motor, a positive sequence harmonic would rotate in the same direction as the fundamental frequency. A negative sequence harmonic would rotate in the opposite direction of the fundamental frequency. Harmonics called triplens have a zero sequence. Triplens are the odd multiples of the third harmonic (3rd, 9th, 15th, 21st, and so on).

Ammeters that respond to the average value convert the alternating current into direct current. This value must be increased by a factor of ____ to change the average reading into the rms value for a sine wave current.


A) 0.651
B) 1.111
C) 1.414
D) 1.730

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The phasor rotation of a negative harmonic causes an induction motor to produce ____.


A) positive feedback
B) a high magnetic field
C) less torque
D) more torque

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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What are some devices that are responsible for harmonics?

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Harmonics on single-phase power lines ar...

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It is necessary to use an ammeter that responds to ____ current when making a check for harmonics.


A) single-phase
B) rectified
C) true rms
D) average

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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A ratio of ____ between measurements made with a true rms ammeter and an average value ammeter indicates no harmonic distortion.


A) 0.5
B) 0.75
C) 0.833
D) 1.0

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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