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Explain why the viral genome of the MS2 phages can be immediately translated. What type of genome must it have for this to be the case?

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The MS2 phage has a positive ssRNA genom...

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As a consequence of the immune system in humans recognizing dsRNA as foreign


A) dsRNA viruses rarely infect humans.
B) dsRNA viruses quickly transcribe their genes into mRNA which is insensitive to immune responses.
C) genomes of RNA viruses are often chemically modified to avoid recognition by human immune cells.
D) the genomes of dsRNA viruses must avoid human immune cells during infection, including replicating their genomes within their own nucleocapsids.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which feature, if changed, would NOT abolish M13ʹs utility as a cloning vector?


A) ssDNA genome becoming a dsDNA genome
B) loss of genes that make coat proteins
C) replacing the segment of non-coding DNA in its genome with an indispensible gene
D) switch from lysogenic to lytic lifestyle

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Knowing the genome of Mu bacteriophages now enables researchers to locate where it incorporates into bacterial genomes.

A) True
B) False

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Which type of viruses generally has the smallest genome?


A) bacteriophages
B) DNA viruses
C) RNA viruses
D) viroids

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Most archaeal viruses identified appear to have DNA genomes.

A) True
B) False

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How are T7 genes transcribed?


A) Host RNA polymerase is modified to recognize the T7 promoter.
B) Host RNA polymerase directly translates the T7 genes.
C) T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which is packaged in its capsid and injected into the host during infection to transcribe T7 genes.
D) T7 has its own RNA polymerase, which must first be synthesized by the host.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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In designing a drug to inhibit poxvirus, the compound should localize in the hostʹs ________ to be most effective.


A) nucleus
B) endoplasmic reticulum
C) cytoplasm
D) Golgi complex

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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