Question 1

Which of the following problems with animal cloning might result in premature death of the clones?

Accepted Answer

A)   use of pluripotent instead of totipotent stem cells
B)   use of nuclear DNA as well as mtDNA
C)   abnormal gene regulation due to variant methylation
D)   the indefinite replication of totipotent stem cellsE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

In a comparison of two DNA sequences found in the same location on homologous chromosomes, one of the homologs carries the sequence 5′-AACTACGA-3′, and the other homolog carries the sequence
5′-AACTTCGA-3′. Within a population, you discover that each of these sequences is common. Which of the following statements correctly describes theses sequences?

Accepted Answer

A)   They contain a SNP that may be useful for genetic mapping.
B)   They can identify a protein-coding region of a gene.
C)   They may cause disease.
D)   They may carry out RNA interference.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following statements describes one of the technical reasons why gene therapy is problematic in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most cells with an engineered gene do not produce gene product.
B)   Cells with transferred genes are unlikely to replicate.
C)   Transferred genes may not have appropriately controlled activity.
D)   mRNA from transferred genes cannot be translated.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)   RT-PCR
B)   in situ hybridization
C)   DNA microarrays
D)   RNA interferenceE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following correctly lists the processes in order for one cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   denature DNA; add fresh enzyme; anneal primers; add dNTPs; extend primers
B)   anneal primers; denature DNA; extend primers
C)   extend primers; anneal primers; denature DNA
D)   denature DNA; anneal primers; extend primersE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following sequences is most likely to be cut by a restriction enzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)   5′-AATTCT 3′ 3′-TTAAGA-5′
B)   5′-AATATT-3′ 3′-TTATAA-5′
C)   5′-AAAATT-3′ 3′-TTTTAA-5′
D)   5′-ACTACT-3′ 3′-TGATGA-5′E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because

Accepted Answer

A)   plant genes do not contain introns.
B)   more vectors are available for transferring recombinant DNA into plant cells.
C)   a somatic plant cell can often give rise to a complete plant.
D)   plant cells have larger nuclei.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I Transform bacteria with a recombinant DNA molecule.
II Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes (endonucleases) .
III Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.
IV Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA fragments.
V Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)   II, III, V, IV, I
B)   III, II, IV, V, I
C)   III, IV, V, I, II
D)   IV, V, I, II, IIIE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 9

One possible use of transgenic plants is in the production of human proteins, such as vaccines. Which of the following issues is a possible hindrance that must be overcome in order for this process to work properly?

Accepted Answer

A)   prevention of transmission of plant allergens to the vaccine recipients
B)   prevention of vaccine-containing plants being consumed by insects
C)   use of plant cells to translate non-plant-derived mRNA
D)   inability of the human digestive system to accept plant-derived proteinE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following tools of DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use?

Accepted Answer

A)   electrophoresis-separation of DNA fragments
B)   DNA ligase-cutting DNA, creating sticky ends of restriction fragments
C)   DNA polymerase-polymerase chain reaction to amplify sections of DNA
D)   reverse transcriptase-production of cDNA from mRNAE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Use the following information to answer the question.
Organisms share many conserved core processes and features, including transcription and translation, using a uniform genetic code. Scientists have used these shared processes and features in biotechnology. For example, for the process of some transformations, a plasmid is constructed when a eukaryotic gene of interest is added with an antibiotic resistant gene such as beta-lactamase, which is used for ampicillin resistance. This plasmid is then inserted into a prokaryotic bacterial cell, such as E. coli, through a transformation process that leads to the production of the product protein from the eukaryotic organism. To culture the bacteria and obtain the protein product, the bacteria must grow.
Select the appropriate condition to determine if the plasmid has entered the E. coli bacterial cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   nutrient broth to which no antibiotic has been added
B)   water to which ampicillin has been added
C)   nutrient broth to which ampicillin has been added
D)   nutrient broth to which other resistant bacteria have been addedE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following characteristics of short tandem repeats (STRs) DNA makes it useful for DNA fingerprinting?

Accepted Answer

A)   The number of repeats is highly variable from person to person or animal to animal.
B)   The sequence of DNA that is repeated varies significantly from individual to individual.
C)   The sequence variation is acted upon differently by natural selection in different environments.
D)   Every racial and ethnic group has inherited different short tandem repeats.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Use the figure to answer the following question.

The segment of DNA shown in the figure has restriction sites I and II, which create restriction fragments A, B, and C. Which of the gels produced by electrophoresis best represents the separation and identity of these fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

A paleontologist has recovered a bit of tissue from the 400-year-old preserved skin of an extinct dodo (a bird) . To compare a specific region of the DNA from a sample with DNA from living birds, which of the following would be most useful for increasing the amount of dodo DNA available for testing?

Accepted Answer

A)   SNP analysis
B)   polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C)   electroporation
D)   gel electrophoresisE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Pax-6 is a gene that is involved in eye formation in many invertebrates, such as Drosophila. Pax-6 is also found in vertebrates. A Pax-6 gene from a mouse can be expressed in a fly and the protein (PAX-6) leads to a compound fly eye. This information suggests which of the following characteristics of this gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pax-6 genes are identical in nucleotide sequence.
B)   PAX-6 proteins have identical amino acid sequences.
C)   Pax-6 is highly conserved and shows shared evolutionary ancestry.
D)   PAX-6 proteins are different for formation of different kinds of eyes.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk of developing cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)   Retroviral vectors may introduce proteins from the virus.
B)   Retroviral vectors do not express the genes that were introduced into a patient's cells.
C)   Retroviral vectors do not integrate their recombinant DNA into the patient's genome.
D)   Retroviral vectors integrate recombinant DNA into the genome in ways that may misregulate the expression of genes at or near the site of integration.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

DNA technology has many medical applications. Which of the following is not done routinely at present?

Accepted Answer

A)   production of hormones for treating diabetes and dwarfism
B)   analysis of gene expression for more informed cancer treatments
C)   gene editing by the CRISPR-Cas9 system in viable human embryos to correct genetic diseases
D)   prenatal identification of genetic disease allelesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 20: DNA Tools and Biotechnology

DNA technology has many medical applications. Which of the following is not done routinely at present?

Correct Answer
verified

A paleontologist has recovered a bit of tissue from the 400-year-old preserved skin of an extinct dodo (a bird) . To compare a specific region of the DNA from a sample with DNA from living birds, which of the following would be most useful for increasing the amount of dodo DNA available for testing?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following sequences is most likely to be cut by a restriction enzyme?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correctly lists the processes in order for one cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ?

Correct Answer
verified

Use the figure to answer the following question. The segment of DNA shown in the figure has restriction sites I and II, which create restriction fragments A, B, and C. Which of the gels produced by electrophoresis best represents the separation and identity of these fragments?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements describes one of the technical reasons why gene therapy is problematic in humans?

Correct Answer
verified

One possible use of transgenic plants is in the production of human proteins, such as vaccines. Which of the following issues is a possible hindrance that must be overcome in order for this process to work properly?

Correct Answer
verified

Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk of developing cancer?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following characteristics of short tandem repeats (STRs) DNA makes it useful for DNA fingerprinting?

Correct Answer
verified

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following problems with animal cloning might result in premature death of the clones?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following tools of DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 20: DNA Tools and Biotechnology

DNA technology has many medical applications. Which of the following is not done routinely at present?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following sequences is most likely to be cut by a restriction enzyme?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correctly lists the processes in order for one cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the figure to answer the following question. The segment of DNA shown in the figure has restriction sites I and II, which create restriction fragments A, B, and C. Which of the gels produced by electrophoresis best represents the separation and identity of these fragments?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes uses labeled probes to visualize the expression of genes in whole tissues and organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements describes one of the technical reasons why gene therapy is problematic in humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One possible use of transgenic plants is in the production of human proteins, such as vaccines. Which of the following issues is a possible hindrance that must be overcome in order for this process to work properly?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might using retroviral vectors for gene therapy increase the patient's risk of developing cancer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics of short tandem repeats (STRs) DNA makes it useful for DNA fingerprinting?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants are more readily manipulated by genetic engineering than are animals because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following problems with animal cloning might result in premature death of the clones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following tools of DNA technology is incorrectly paired with its use?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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