Question 1

Focal infections initially start out as

Accepted Answer

A)   local infections.
B)   bacteremia.
C)   systemic infections.
D)   sepsis.
E)   septicemia.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 2

A needlestick is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   indirect contact transmission by fomite.
B)   direct contact.
C)   droplet transmission.
D)   direct biological transmission by vector.
E)   vehicle transmission.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D) A

Question 3

Koch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is this condition called?

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteremia
B)   systemic infection
C)   focal infection
D)   local infection
E)   septicemiaF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which one of the following is NOT a zoonosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
B)   tapeworm
C)   rabies
D)   cat-scratch disease
E)   All of these are zoonoses.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Both normal and transient flora can become opportunistic pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The rise in herd immunity amongst a population can be directly attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)   vaccinations.
B)   improved handwashing.
C)   increased use of antibiotics.
D)   antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) None of the above
G) A) and B) A

Question 7

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery. This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)   nosocomial infection.
B)   communicable disease.
C)   sporadic disease.
D)   latent infection.
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

A researcher has performed a prospective study on a disease. To which specific kind of epidemiological study is this referring?

Accepted Answer

A)   analytical
B)   prodromal
C)   case control
D)   experimental
E)   descriptiveF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

Accepted Answer

A)   are changes felt by the patient.
B)   are specific for a particular disease.
C)   always occur as part of a syndrome.
D)   are changes observed by the physician.
E)   None of the answers is correct.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following statements about biological transmission is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The pathogen may enter the host in the vectorʹs feces.
B)   Houseflies are an important vector.
C)   The pathogen may be injected by the bite of the vector.
D)   The pathogen may require the vector as a host.
E)   The pathogen reproduces in the vector.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E) B

Question 11

A host is not considered diseased until an infection changes oneʹs state of health.)

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   At least one member must benefit in a symbiotic relationship.
B)   Members of a symbiotic relationship cannot live without each other.
C)   Symbiosis always refers to different organisms living together and benefiting from each other.
D)   A parasite is not in symbiosis with its host.
E)   Both members are harmed in a symbiotic relationship.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT an example of microbial antagonism?

Accepted Answer

A)   acid production by bacteria
B)   bacteria causing disease
C)   bacteriocin production
D)   bacteria occupying host receptors
E)   bacteria producing vitamin KF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Figure 14.2  In Figure 14.2, when is the prevalence the highest?

Accepted Answer

A)   February
B)   January
C)   July
D)   March
E)   The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease because of

Accepted Answer

A)   antagonistic bacteria.
B)   other fungi.
C)   commensal bacteria.
D)   symbiotic bacteria.
E)   parasitic bacteria.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

The major significance of Robert Kochʹs work is that

Accepted Answer

A)   microorganisms can be cultured.
B)   microorganisms cause disease.
C)   microorganisms are present in a diseased animal.
D)   diseases can be transmitted from one animal to another.
E)   microorganisms are the result of disease.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Which of the following is a fomite?

Accepted Answer

A)   a hypodermic needle
B)   insects
C)   water
D)   pus
E)   droplets from a sneezeF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor of disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic background
B)   occupation
C)   lifestyle
D)   climate
E)   All of these are predisposing factors of disease.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 19

Reservoirs of infections are always animate objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota

Accepted Answer

A)   are always acquired by direct contact.
B)   never cause disease.
C)   are found in a certain location on the host.
D)   are present for a relatively short time.
E)   cause diseases.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Exam 14: Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Focal infections initially start out as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A needlestick is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Koch observed Bacillus anthracis multiplying in the blood of cattle. What is this condition called?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is NOT a zoonosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both normal and transient flora can become opportunistic pathogens.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The rise in herd immunity amongst a population can be directly attributed to

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery. This is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher has performed a prospective study on a disease. To which specific kind of epidemiological study is this referring?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about biological transmission is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A host is not considered diseased until an infection changes oneʹs state of health.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an example of microbial antagonism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 14.2 In Figure 14.2, when is the prevalence the highest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major significance of Robert Kochʹs work is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a fomite?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor of disease?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reservoirs of infections are always animate objects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified