Question 1

What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily, whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?

Accepted Answer

There are several reasons why cloning is...

Question 2

What size fragments you would expect from an EcoRI/ XhoI double digest of the plasmid below?

Accepted Answer

A)   2 kb, 3.75 kb, 4.25 kb
B)   2 kb, 8 kb
C)   1.25 kb, 2 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb
D)   1.25 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb, 3.25 kb
E)   2.5 kb, 3 kb, 3.25 kbF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following is a possible advantage for the environment of having farmers use plants that genetically produce Bt toxin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Harvesting plants with these genes is less disturbing to the soil layers where they are planted.
B)   Plants with genes for the toxin are eaten less often by insects, and therefore less insecticide is needed.
C)   Plants with these genes must be sprayed with the organism, but need much less than other plants.
D)   Plants that produce Bt toxin must be grown from new seeds each season, and therefore fewer of them are planted.
E)   Bt toxin is advantageous to many species of invertebrates that grow in the same fields.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

You have isolated a plasmid from E. coli. You get the following results, using three restriction enzymes, 1 XhoI, 2 BamHI, and 3 EcoRI to perform six different digestions: single digests using each enzyme alone and double diges using each combination of two enzymes. $$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | } 
\hline \text { enzyme } & \text { \# fragments } & \text { sizes (in kb) } \
\hline \text { XhaI } & 1 & 10 \
\hline \text { BamHI } & 2 & 3.75,6.25 \
\hline E _ { c a R I } & 2 & 4.25,5.75 \
\hline X h a I + B a m H I & 3 & 1.25,3.75,5 \
\hline \text { XhaI } + E _ { c a R I } & 3 & 2,3.75,4.25 \
\hline \text { BamHI } + E _ { c o R I } & 4 & 1.25,2.5,3,3.25 \
\hline
\end{array}$$ Draw a restriction map of the plasmid.

Accepted Answer

<img  loading="lazy" src="/assets/images/blured-textbook.svg" class="d-inline m-1" alt="blured image" width="139" height="30"> XhoI must cut the 10 kb plasmid only on...

Question 5

If bacteria transformed with a recombinant pUC18 plasmid produce white colonies when grown on plates containing ampicillin and Xgal, which of the following is least likely?

Accepted Answer

A)   They produce functional fi- galactosidase that cleaves X- gal.
B)   They carry a vector with the bla gene used as the selectable marker.
C)   They carry a vector with a lacZ gene that has been disrupted and rendered nonfunctional.
D)   They carry a vector that contains a DNA fragment inserted into the multiple cloning site.
E)   They produce fi- lactamase that provides resistance to ampicillin.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Cloning animals by nuclear implantation involves all of the following except?

Accepted Answer

A)   induction of cell division and implantation of blastocyst in the surrogate mother
B)   removal of an egg cell, extraction of the nucleus, and injection of the diploid donor nucleus
C)   fertilization of the cell egg with a sperm cell followed by implantation in a surrogate mother
D)   a low frequency of success likely due to variations in the completeness of epigenetic programming of the somatic cell nucleus
E)   removal of somatic cells and extraction of a diploid donor nucleus from the animal to be clonedF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Snuppy, a male Afghan hound, was created by transferring the nucleus from an ear cell of the male Afghan hound, Tai, into an enucleated egg from a donor. The embryo was transplanted into a surrogate mother to develop to term. Which of the following animals would be a genetic match for Snuppy if mitochondrial DNA were tested?

Accepted Answer

A)   the egg donor
B)   Tai
C)   the surrogate
D)   both Tai and the egg donor
E)   both Tai and the surrogateF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 8

If bacteria containing non- recombinant pUC18 are plated on X- gal medium, would colonies appear blue or white colonies or both?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If bacteria containing non- recombinant pUC18 are...

Question 9

In species X, the UUU codon for phenylalanine is used significantly more frequently than other phenylalanine codons, and knowing this allows the scientist to manipulate translation efficiency. This unequal frequency is known as_________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of In species X, the UUU codon for...

Question 10

Why might the expression of a transgene be especially abnormal in vertebrates with larger average size of genes and amount of heterochromatin in their genomes?

Accepted Answer

A)   homologous recombination
B)   vector insufficiency
C)   unequal crossing over
D)   mitotic recombination
E)   position effectF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. How are the bacteria made resistant?

Accepted Answer

A)   Resistance is activated when the cells are provided with the antibiotic
B)   Resistance is activated by the recombination event.
C)   The antibiotic resistance gene is encoded in the vector.
D)   They are pre- selected for the experiment on this basis.
E)   The antibiotic resistance gene is encoded on the donor insert.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above C

Question 12

Which of the following is FALSE regarding grape cultivation?

Accepted Answer

A)   the shoots are often genetically identical and chosen on the basis of their fruit phenotype
B)   the vines are usually chimeric
C)   clonal propagation helps to maintain highly heterozygous cultivars
D)   phenotypes are usually maintained through self- fertilization or crossing with another cultivar
E)   the roots are often genetically identical and chosen for being well adapted to soil conditionsF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

You have a linear DNA fragment of 1600 bp. To characterize it, you decide to make a restriction map. Cutting with one enzyme, you show by electrophoresis that the fragments produced are 400 and 1200 bp. Cutting the same DNA with another enzyme you recover 700 and 900 bp fragments. After treatment with both enzymes, fragments were 300, 400, and 900 bp. Which of the following order of fragments, if any, best represents the restriction map?

Accepted Answer

A)   400/ 300/ 900
B)   900/ 400/ 300
C)   400/ 900/ 300
D)   300/ 400/ 900
E)   It is not possible to determine the order.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the formation of transgenic animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   If some cells of the embryo do not receive the introduced DNA, the result is an organism with cells of different genotypes; the organism is known as a chimera.
B)   DNA is usually inserted into eggs or embryos since totipotency is not characteristic of most animal cells.
C)   Homologous recombination occurs much more frequency than illegitimate recombination.
D)   Either integration of multiple copies of the transgene or position effect can lead to variability in the expression of the transgene.
E)   For a transgenic animal line to be produced from a chimera, the transgene must be carried by germ line or germ cells.F) None of the above
G) B) and D) C

Question 15

Which of the following best lists the correct order of the steps taken to produce human insulin in E.coli in the 1970s?
I. Each insulin chain was cloned into an expression vector as a continuation of the lacZ reading fra resulting in a fusion protein for each chain.
II. Disulfide bonds were induced to form between the cysteine residues of the purified insulin A a chains.
III. Both human insulin genes were reverse translated to create synthetic genes.
IV. EcoRI and BamHI restriction sites were added to the ends of the DNA to facilitate directional cloning of each into a separate plasmid vector.

Accepted Answer

A)   III, I, II, IV
B)   I, II, III, IV
C)   I, III, IV, II
D)   III, IV, I, II
E)   IV, III, I, IIF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

What technique of genomic library construction allows the genome to be cut by a given restriction enzyme at some but not all recognition sequences?

Accepted Answer

partial di...

Question 17

Which of the following is FALSE regarding P element- mediated transformation?

Accepted Answer

A)   The gene of interest is typically inserted in the vector plasmid between the P element inverted repeat end sequences.
B)   The selectable marker is typically inserted in the vector plasmid between the P element inverted repeat end sequences.
C)   The transposase activity inserts P elements into the genome at specific positions in the genome.
D)   P elements transpose only in the germ- line cells of Drosophila.
E)   A second plasmid can be used to supply the transposase activity in trans.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding the Cre- lox recombination system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cre recombinase can recognize the P element inverted repeat end sequences.
B)   This site- specific recombination system is derived from Drosophila.
C)   Cre recombinase initiates conjugative transfer of the T- DNA in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
D)   It can be used to remove selectable markers in transgenic organisms.
E)   It is limited to manipulating DNA sequences in vitro.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Half of the palindromic restriction site that the endonuclease PstI recognizes, binds, and cleaves is 5'- CTG _______- 3'. What is the complete sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)   5'- CTGCAG- 3'
B)   5'- CTGGTC- 3'
C)   5'- CTGCTG- 3'
D)   5'- CTGGAG- 3'
E)   5'- CTGGAC- 3'F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Snuppy, a male Afghan hound, was created by transferring the nucleus from an ear cell of the male Afghan hound, Tai, into an enucleated egg from a donor. The embryo was transplanted into a surrogate mother to develop to term. Which of the following animals would be a genetic match for Snuppy if nuclear DNA were tested?

Accepted Answer

A)   the surrogate
B)   Tai
C)   the egg donor
D)   both Tai and the egg donor
E)   both Tai and the surrogateF) C) and E)
G) D) and E) B

Exam 15: Analysis of Gene Function by Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics

What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily, whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?

Correct Answer
verified
There are several reasons why cloning is...
View Answer

What size fragments you would expect from an EcoRI/ XhoI double digest of the plasmid below?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a possible advantage for the environment of having farmers use plants that genetically produce Bt toxin?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
XhoI must cut the 10 kb plasmid only on...
View Answer

If bacteria transformed with a recombinant pUC18 plasmid produce white colonies when grown on plates containing ampicillin and Xgal, which of the following is least likely?

Correct Answer
verified

Cloning animals by nuclear implantation involves all of the following except?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

If bacteria containing non- recombinant pUC18 are plated on X- gal medium, would colonies appear blue or white colonies or both?

Correct Answer
verified

In species X, the UUU codon for phenylalanine is used significantly more frequently than other phenylalanine codons, and knowing this allows the scientist to manipulate translation efficiency. This unequal frequency is known as_________ .

Correct Answer
verified

Why might the expression of a transgene be especially abnormal in vertebrates with larger average size of genes and amount of heterochromatin in their genomes?

Correct Answer
verified

In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. How are the bacteria made resistant?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which of the following is FALSE regarding grape cultivation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the formation of transgenic animals?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

What technique of genomic library construction allows the genome to be cut by a given restriction enzyme at some but not all recognition sequences?

Correct Answer
verified
partial di...
View Answer

Which of the following is FALSE regarding P element- mediated transformation?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true regarding the Cre- lox recombination system?

Correct Answer
verified

Half of the palindromic restriction site that the endonuclease PstI recognizes, binds, and cleaves is 5'- CTG _______- 3'. What is the complete sequence?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Exam 15: Analysis of Gene Function by Forward Genetics and Reverse Genetics

What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily, whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?

Correct AnswerverifiedThere are several reasons why cloning is...View AnswerShow Answer

What size fragments you would expect from an EcoRI/ XhoI double digest of the plasmid below?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a possible advantage for the environment of having farmers use plants that genetically produce Bt toxin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answerverified XhoI must cut the 10 kb plasmid only on...View AnswerShow Answer

If bacteria transformed with a recombinant pUC18 plasmid produce white colonies when grown on plates containing ampicillin and Xgal, which of the following is least likely?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cloning animals by nuclear implantation involves all of the following except?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If bacteria containing non- recombinant pUC18 are plated on X- gal medium, would colonies appear blue or white colonies or both?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In species X, the UUU codon for phenylalanine is used significantly more frequently than other phenylalanine codons, and knowing this allows the scientist to manipulate translation efficiency. This unequal frequency is known as_________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might the expression of a transgene be especially abnormal in vertebrates with larger average size of genes and amount of heterochromatin in their genomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In selecting recombinant bacteria, cells are chosen that are resistant to a specific antibiotic. How are the bacteria made resistant?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following is FALSE regarding grape cultivation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the formation of transgenic animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What technique of genomic library construction allows the genome to be cut by a given restriction enzyme at some but not all recognition sequences?

Correct Answerverifiedpartial di...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is FALSE regarding P element- mediated transformation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding the Cre- lox recombination system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Half of the palindromic restriction site that the endonuclease PstI recognizes, binds, and cleaves is 5'- CTG _______- 3'. What is the complete sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct Answer
verified
There are several reasons why cloning is...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
XhoI must cut the 10 kb plasmid only on...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
partial di...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B