Question 1

Research evidence exists:

Accepted Answer

A)   for both stability and change in personality traits over time.
B)   for both a degree of stability and some capacity for change in personality traits across situations.
C)   that personality traits show both stability and change over time and across situations.
D)   that personality traits are stable over time but changeable across situations.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Self-report measures and projective tests are both examples of which type of personality assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)   behavioural assessments
B)   physiological measures
C)   interviews
D)   psychological testsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The results from the Bandura and Cervone study showing the importance of both setting goals and of receiving performance feedback are most relevant to which goal-setting guideline?

Accepted Answer

A)   set specific, behavioural, and measurable goals.
B)   set positive, not negative, goals
C)   set performance-based, not outcome-based, goals
D)   set difficult but realistic goalsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

You think you might have some psychological issues so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that in fact, you do not have any problems at all. She would describe you as

Accepted Answer

A)   a fully functional person
B)   low on congruence
C)   someone with no personal constructs
D)   an individual who sets conditions of worth
E)   having completed the Big FiveF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

Researchers associated with the psychodynamic tradition tend to favour the use of projective tests like the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) , while researchers who rely more on behavioural assessments and often ask people to rate their expectations and abilities are affiliated with the approach.

Accepted Answer

A)   social cognitive
B)   rational approach
C)   trait
D)   humanisticE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Research examining gender differences in self-concepts suggest that the self-concepts of women are more than those of men.

Accepted Answer

A)   individualistic
B)   self-actualized
C)   achievement-oriented
D)   collectivisticE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Studies of university students have revealed that students with an internal locus of control tend to perform better academically than students with an external locus of control. The better students most likely associate their academic success with _.

Accepted Answer

A)   luck
B)   easy grading
C)   good professors
D)   hard workE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Chris typically behaves in a way that is reflective, refined, and imaginative. In the "Big Five" model of personality factors, these lower-order traits place most closely on the ________ dimension.

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion
B)   conscientiousness
C)   agreeableness
D)   opennessE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

According to Eysenck's theory, Tara, who is very introverted has a pattern of brain activity that can be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)   overaroused
B)   erratic
C)   underaroused
D)   lacking cortical arousalE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Terry has been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Rather than spending his time and money on vacations and activities he enjoys, Terry spends his time seeking alternative forms of medicine and increasing his retirement investment portfolio. Rather than realistically approaching his situation, he appears to be using the defence mechanism of _.

Accepted Answer

A)   projection
B)   sublimation
C)   displacement
D)   denialE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Your friend Julie always puts salt on her food whether it needs it or not. She doesn't even taste it first. If you had to predict, you would probably say that Julie was

Accepted Answer

A)   low in self-monitoring
B)   low in extraversion
C)   high in psychoticism
D)   high in self-monitoring
E)   high in neuroticismF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Pat has low self-esteem. At work her boss congratulated her on the fantastic job she did on a project. The most likely impact this compliment is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   make her feel better about herself and feel she will be more likely to achieve in the future.
B)   make her feel anxious and feel she will be less likely to achieve in the future.
C)   have no impact on how she feels.
D)   make her feel better about herself and make her try harder in the future.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

The ego and superego are similar in that both:

Accepted Answer

A)   function primarily at the preconscious level of mind.
B)   strive to control the impulses of the id.
C)   are shaped through the process of identification.
D)   are governed by the reality principle.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 14

During a conversation with a friend, Al starts to get angry at what she is saying. This is an emotion that he considers inappropriate and childish. As a result, instead of noticing his own anger, he erroneously begins to believe that his friend is becoming angry, even though she is doing no such thing. This example best demonstrates the defence mechanism of:

Accepted Answer

A)   projection.
B)   displacement.
C)   reaction formation.
D)   sublimation.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes home and kicks the cat. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction formation
B)   sublimation
C)   displacement
D)   denial
E)   projectionF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The social cognitive personality theory typically operates at which level(s)  of analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)   both the psychological and environmental levels of analysis
B)   both the psychological and biological levels of analysis
C)   only the psychological level of analysis
D)   the biological, psychological, and environmental levels of analysisE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

As a Freudian therapist, you notice that one of your patients has never developed mature social or sexual relationships. You might conclude that this patient has never reached the

Accepted Answer

A)   oral stage
B)   latency stage
C)   genital stage
D)   phallic stage
E)   anal stageF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

The humanistic concept of self-actualization refers to the process of:

Accepted Answer

A)   believing that you can take the steps needed to achieve desired outcomes.
B)   realizing our full human potential.
C)   maintaining self-identity through self-consistency and congruence.
D)   gaining and preserving a positive self-image.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

A person's behaviour, forces in the environment, and the person himself/herself interact to form personality - this is the perspective of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)   locus of control
B)   reciprocal determinism
C)   humanistic
D)   social constructivistE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The humanistic notion that people are motivated to preserve their self-concept by maintaining self-consistency and congruence is known as self-enhancement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Personality

Research examining gender differences in self-concepts suggest that the self-concepts of women are more than those of men.

Correct Answer
verified

The social cognitive personality theory typically operates at which level(s) of analysis?

Correct Answer
verified

Your friend Julie always puts salt on her food whether it needs it or not. She doesn't even taste it first. If you had to predict, you would probably say that Julie was

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes home and kicks the cat. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Correct Answer
verified

As a Freudian therapist, you notice that one of your patients has never developed mature social or sexual relationships. You might conclude that this patient has never reached the

Correct Answer
verified

According to Eysenck's theory, Tara, who is very introverted has a pattern of brain activity that can be described as:

Correct Answer
verified

Chris typically behaves in a way that is reflective, refined, and imaginative. In the "Big Five" model of personality factors, these lower-order traits place most closely on the ________ dimension.

Correct Answer
verified

Studies of university students have revealed that students with an internal locus of control tend to perform better academically than students with an external locus of control. The better students most likely associate their academic success with _.

Correct Answer
verified

Pat has low self-esteem. At work her boss congratulated her on the fantastic job she did on a project. The most likely impact this compliment is to:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The humanistic notion that people are motivated to preserve their self-concept by maintaining self-consistency and congruence is known as self-enhancement.

Correct Answer
verified

You think you might have some psychological issues so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that in fact, you do not have any problems at all. She would describe you as

Correct Answer
verified

Research evidence exists:

Correct Answer
verified

A person's behaviour, forces in the environment, and the person himself/herself interact to form personality - this is the perspective of personality.

Correct Answer
verified

The ego and superego are similar in that both:

Correct Answer
verified

The results from the Bandura and Cervone study showing the importance of both setting goals and of receiving performance feedback are most relevant to which goal-setting guideline?

Correct Answer
verified

The humanistic concept of self-actualization refers to the process of:

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers associated with the psychodynamic tradition tend to favour the use of projective tests like the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) , while researchers who rely more on behavioural assessments and often ask people to rate their expectations and abilities are affiliated with the approach.

Correct Answer
verified

Self-report measures and projective tests are both examples of which type of personality assessment?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 14: Personality

Research examining gender differences in self-concepts suggest that the self-concepts of women are more than those of men.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social cognitive personality theory typically operates at which level(s) of analysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your friend Julie always puts salt on her food whether it needs it or not. She doesn't even taste it first. If you had to predict, you would probably say that Julie was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes home and kicks the cat. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a Freudian therapist, you notice that one of your patients has never developed mature social or sexual relationships. You might conclude that this patient has never reached the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Eysenck's theory, Tara, who is very introverted has a pattern of brain activity that can be described as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chris typically behaves in a way that is reflective, refined, and imaginative. In the "Big Five" model of personality factors, these lower-order traits place most closely on the ________ dimension.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of university students have revealed that students with an internal locus of control tend to perform better academically than students with an external locus of control. The better students most likely associate their academic success with _.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pat has low self-esteem. At work her boss congratulated her on the fantastic job she did on a project. The most likely impact this compliment is to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The humanistic notion that people are motivated to preserve their self-concept by maintaining self-consistency and congruence is known as self-enhancement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You think you might have some psychological issues so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that in fact, you do not have any problems at all. She would describe you as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research evidence exists:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person's behaviour, forces in the environment, and the person himself/herself interact to form personality - this is the perspective of personality.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ego and superego are similar in that both:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The results from the Bandura and Cervone study showing the importance of both setting goals and of receiving performance feedback are most relevant to which goal-setting guideline?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The humanistic concept of self-actualization refers to the process of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers associated with the psychodynamic tradition tend to favour the use of projective tests like the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) , while researchers who rely more on behavioural assessments and often ask people to rate their expectations and abilities are affiliated with the approach.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-report measures and projective tests are both examples of which type of personality assessment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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