Question 1

Salts of group 1A metals are generally more soluble than those of group 2A metals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The chemical that ranks first in production among all industrial chemicals is

Accepted Answer

A)   NH3, ammonia.
B)   H3PO4, phosphoric acid.
C)   NaOH, sodium hydroxide.
D)   Na2CO3, sodium carbonate.
E)   H2SO4, sulfuric acid.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Which of the following pairs of elements will form the longest single bond?

Accepted Answer

A)   C, F
B)   C, N
C)   C, S
D)   C, O
E)   C, HF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Boron has 3 valence electrons. Which of the following processes is involved in boron's achieving a complete outer shell?

Accepted Answer

A)   formation of a B3+ cation
B)   formation of bridge bonds
C)   formation of   π\piπ -bonds using its d-orbitals
D)   formation of   π\piπ -bonds using sp3-orbitals
E)   None of these choices is correct. F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. 
H2O(l)  + ClF5(l)   →\rightarrow→

Accepted Answer

A)   HClO2(aq)  + HF(aq) 
B)   HClO3(aq)  + HF(aq) 
C)   HClO(aq)  + HF(aq) 
D)   HCl(aq)  + HF(aq) 
E)   HClO(aq)  + HFO(aq)  F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

Accepted Answer

A)   low pressure, low temperature
B)   low pressure, high temperature
C)   high pressure, low temperature
D)   high pressure, high temperature
E)   Actually, diamond is not stable under any conditions.F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na+ is 102 pm and for Cl¯ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

Accepted Answer

A)   The inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do.
B)   The inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion.
C)   The outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
D)   The outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do.
E)   Monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Which of the following has the most allotropes?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon
B)   sulfur
C)   oxygen
D)   selenium
E)   nitrogenF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Hydrogen forms metallic (interstitial)  hydrides with the d and f transition elements. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   These substances have distinct stoichiometric formulas like ionic hydrides.
B)   Hydrogen forms bonds with the metals by donating its electron to the valence band of the metal.
C)   Hydrogen molecules and atoms occupy holes within the crystal structure of the metal.
D)   These substances are useful catalysts.
E)   These hydrides are stabilized by hydrogen bonding forces.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

In gaseous BeCl2, Be does not obey the octet rule; in solid BeCl2, it does.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Select the element with the highest first ionization energy.

Accepted Answer

A)   Mg
B)   Ca
C)   Ba
D)   Ra
E)   KF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Predict the product(s)  for the reaction of the following set of reactants. 
Ca(s)  + H2(g)   →\rightarrow→

Accepted Answer

A)   CaH(s) 
B)   CaH2(s) 
C)   Ca2H3(s) 
D)   Ca3H2(s) 
E)   None of these choices is correct. F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. 
Cl2(g)  + I¯(aq)   →\rightarrow→

Accepted Answer

A)   ICl
B)   ICl2
C)   ICl3
D)   I2 + Cl¯
E)   I + Cl2¯ F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Most of the alkali metal salts are soluble in water while many alkaline earth salts have very low solubilities. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A)   The alkali metal cations are smaller than the alkaline earth cations and are more easily hydrated.
B)   The alkali metals have lower ionization energies than alkaline earth elements.
C)   The alkaline earth salts have much greater lattice energies than the alkali metal salts.
D)   The alkaline earth metals have greater heats of atomization than the alkali metals.
E)   Alkaline earth cations have very low heats of hydration.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. 
Cs(s)  + Br2(l)   →\rightarrow→

Accepted Answer

A)   CsBr(s) 
B)   CsBr2(s) 
C)   CsBr(l) 
D)   CsBr2(l) 
E)   Cs2Br(s)  F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 16

The strongest elemental oxidizing agents are found in the _________ _________ region of the periodic table while the strongest reducing agents are found in the ________ ________ region of the periodic table.

Accepted Answer

A)   upper left, lower right
B)   upper right, lower left
C)   lower left, upper right
D)   lower right, upper left
E)   transition element, main groupF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The Haber process is the first step in the manufacture of sulfuric acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Predict the products for the following set of reactants. 
PCl3(l)  + H2O(l)   →\rightarrow→

Accepted Answer

A)   H3PO3(aq)  + HCl(aq) 
B)   H3PO4(aq)  + Cl2(g) 
C)   PH3(g)  + HCl(aq)  + O2(g) 
D)   P2O5(s)  + HCl(aq) 
E)   PCl5(l)  + PH3(g)  + O2(g)  F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following ions and atoms has the greatest radius?

Accepted Answer

A)   Se2¯
B)   Br¯
C)   Rb+
D)   Sr2+
E)   KrF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Hydrogen fluoride is used

Accepted Answer

A)   in the manufacture of steel.
B)   in the synthesis of cryolite for aluminum production.
C)   as an oxidizing agent.
D)   as a disinfectant.
E)   as a mouthwash.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Exam 14: Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

Which of the following ions and atoms has the greatest radius?

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Salts of group 1A metals are generally more soluble than those of group 2A metals.

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cs(s) + Br2(l) →\rightarrow→

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Select the element with the highest first ionization energy.

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In gaseous BeCl2, Be does not obey the octet rule; in solid BeCl2, it does.

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The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na+ is 102 pm and for Cl¯ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

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Which of the following has the most allotropes?

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Hydrogen forms metallic (interstitial) hydrides with the d and f transition elements. Which of the following statements is correct?

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. H2O(l) + ClF5(l) →\rightarrow→

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The strongest elemental oxidizing agents are found in the _________ _________ region of the periodic table while the strongest reducing agents are found in the ________ ________ region of the periodic table.

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The chemical that ranks first in production among all industrial chemicals is

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Hydrogen fluoride is used

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Which of the following pairs of elements will form the longest single bond?

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Most of the alkali metal salts are soluble in water while many alkaline earth salts have very low solubilities. Why is this so?

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Boron has 3 valence electrons. Which of the following processes is involved in boron's achieving a complete outer shell?

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cl2(g) + I¯(aq) →\rightarrow→

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The Haber process is the first step in the manufacture of sulfuric acid.

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Predict the product(s) for the reaction of the following set of reactants. Ca(s) + H2(g) →\rightarrow→

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. PCl3(l) + H2O(l) →\rightarrow→

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According to the phase diagram of carbon, what pressure and temperature conditions, if any, are needed in order for diamond to be the stable phase?

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cs(s) + Br₂(l) $\rightarrow$

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In gaseous BeCl₂, Be does not obey the octet rule; in solid BeCl₂, it does.

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The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. The ionic radius for Na⁺ is 102 pm and for Cl¯ is 181 pm. In going from Na to Cl in Period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases?

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. H₂O(l) + ClF₅(l) $\rightarrow$

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The strongest elemental oxidizing agents are found in the _____ _ region of the periodic table while the strongest reducing agents are found in the ____ region of the periodic table.

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. Cl₂(g) + I¯(aq) $\rightarrow$

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Predict the product(s) for the reaction of the following set of reactants. Ca(s) + H₂(g) $\rightarrow$

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Predict the products for the following set of reactants. PCl₃(l) + H₂O(l) $\rightarrow$

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