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Many elderly travelers find it hard to climb stairs to motel rooms that are not on the first floor. The Stay-Right Inn has catered to this specific group of customers via its motels, all of which have one floor of rooms with no stairs to climb. What did Stay-Right Inn use to identify distinct groups of consumers whose needs, wants, and purchasing behavior differ from others in important ways?


A) market penetration
B) market development
C) market segmentation
D) product development
E) diversification

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The Indian retail market is very fragmented with many small independent stores. The distribution structure in India typically involves two levels of distributors (large regional wholesalers and smaller city-wide wholesalers) . All of these lead to a long distribution channel. Homer Products is concerned about India's long distribution channel for its products. What is a drawback of longer distribution channels that could affect Homer Product's decision?


A) higher profit margins
B) inability to enter exclusive distribution channels
C) lower selling costs in a concentrated retail sector
D) lower product prices
E) greater aggregate markups

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Explain the factors that indicate when a company should promote a push strategy and when a company should promote a pull strategy.

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The optimal mix between push and pull st...

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Discuss the role of cultural barriers and a firm's international communication.

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Cultural barriers can make it difficult ...

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Kim will only buy cars from Japanese automakers because she thinks cars made in the United States are of inferior quality. She has this belief even though she has never studied the ratings of cars made in the United States. What type of communication barrier does this represent?


A) cultural barrier
B) country of origin effect
C) predictive analytics
D) prescriptive analytics
E) noise levels

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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One drawback of a longer distribution channel is that it increases selling costs when the retail sector is very fragmented.

A) True
B) False

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Milly, the marketing manager for Nuance Cosmetics, believes that for the company to succeed in international markets, it has to address the choices surrounding product attributes, distribution strategy, communication strategy, and pricing strategy in its targeted markets. What is Milly specifically referring to?


A) market imperfections
B) marketing mix
C) marketing intermediaries
D) marketing objectives
E) marketing plan

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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There is generally a critical link among channel length, the final selling price, and the firm's profit margin because each intermediary in a channel adds its own markup to the products.

A) True
B) False

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What is a characteristic associated with the price elasticity of demand?


A) The price elasticity of demand is unrelated to the competitive conditions in a country.
B) Demand is said to be inelastic when a small change in price produces a large change in demand.
C) Demand is said to be elastic when a large change in price produces a small change in demand.
D) Price elasticity tends to be greater in countries with low income levels.
E) The elasticity of demand is inversely proportional to the number of competitors offering a particular product.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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One advantage of longer distribution channels is


A) decreased profit margins.
B) lower mark-ups.
C) lower product prices.
D) reduced selling costs in concentrated retail sectors.
E) greater market access.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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What is a drawback of longer distribution channels?


A) diminished product production
B) inability to enter exclusive distribution channels
C) lower selling costs in a concentrated retail sector
D) higher prices charged to consumers
E) lower aggregate markups

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Price discrimination occurs when one store sells a product at full price, but another chooses to put the product on sale.

A) True
B) False

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What factor contributes to greater retail concentration in developed countries?


A) number of households owning televisions
B) number of families with two or more children
C) increase in the currency value of the country
D) number of households with refrigerators and freezers
E) decrease in per capita income

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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A measure of the responsiveness of demand for a product to a change in price is known as


A) the demand to price ratio.
B) purchasing power parity.
C) predatory pricing.
D) demand function of pricing.
E) price elasticity of demand.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Lisette owns a shoe store on the border of France. Due to price discrimination, she can buy Louboutin leather boots in Italy at a lower cost than purchasing them from her local French supplier, so once a month she drives to Italy and buys boots to resell at her store. What is this an example of?


A) speculation
B) arbitrage
C) dumping
D) predatory pricing
E) modeling

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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Anson Apparel's marketing message in the United States is one of apparel for the rugged man who spends most of his time outdoors. While this marketing message has worked very well for the company, it is concerned about using the same marketing message in its new market in China. What factor limits Anson Apparel's ability to use the same marketing message in both the United States and China?


A) channel exclusivity
B) channel quality
C) cultural differences
D) concentrated retail systems
E) fragmented retail systems

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Immediately following World War II, what country ranked the highest in spending on R&D, had affluent customers and intense competition, and, as a result, was the center of new product development?


A) Japan
B) United States
C) China
D) Germany
E) Canada

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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While cultural differences should always be considered, which industry should be especially aware of traditions when trying to enter a foreign market?


A) clothing
B) agriculture
C) furniture
D) food
E) paper

F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

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Marina is on vacation in Jamaica and buys a bottle of rum for about half the price she would pay for the same bottle at home. The rum isn't on sale in Jamaica but is priced lower because that's the price the market will bear. What is this an example of?


A) price discrimination
B) price skimming
C) predatory pricing
D) premium pricing
E) price fixing

F) All of the above
G) None of the above

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________ allows a firm to educate potential consumers about the features of a product.


A) Direct selling
B) Mass media advertising
C) Pull strategy
D) Standardized advertising
E) Lag strategy

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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