Question 1

A fixation refers to an inability to

Accepted Answer

A)   sort items into categories.
B)   estimate the likelihood of events.
C)   view a problem from a fresh perspective.
D)   search for evidence that supports our ideas.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Anika resisted changing her answer to a test question after reminding herself that "it's always best to stick with your first answer." Anika's decision best illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

A)   insight.
B)   an algorithm.
C)   trial and error.
D)   a heuristic.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Experienced chicken sexers can tell you a chick's sex at a glance,yet cannot tell you how they do it.Their acquired expertise is such an automatic habit that it feels like

Accepted Answer

A)   an algorithm.
B)   a fixation.
C)   intuition.
D)   divergent thinking.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following would be most characteristic of a 2-year-old's telegraphic speech?

Accepted Answer

A)   "a doggy"
B)   "eat apple"
C)   "to store"
D)   "ball pretty"E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Pigeons can reliably discriminate pictures of cars from pictures of chairs.This best illustrates their capacity to develop

Accepted Answer

A)   concepts.
B)   mental sets.
C)   heuristics.
D)   algorithms.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Vocal sounds that are not included in one's native language first begin to disappear from usage during the ________ stage of language development.

Accepted Answer

A)   one-word
B)   two-word
C)   telegraphic
D)   babblingE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

A mental grouping of similar objects,events,ideas,or people is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   algorithm.
B)   prototype.
C)   heuristic.
D)   concept.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a "t" and an "n" produce words such as tan,ten,tin,and ton.These various vowel sounds represent different

Accepted Answer

A)   morphemes.
B)   syntaxes.
C)   phonemes.
D)   semantics.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

One group of chimpanzees slurp termites directly from a stick,another group picks them off the stick one by one.One group of chimpanzees breaks nuts with a stone hammer;another group does this with a wooden hammer.These group differences in food-gathering practices best illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   algorithms.
B)   heuristics.
C)   belief perseverance.
D)   cultural diversity.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

After taking two years of economics courses,Lionel thinks he knows enough about business to become a millionaire.Lionel should become more aware of

Accepted Answer

A)   the availability heuristic.
B)   algorithms.
C)   belief perseverance.
D)   overconfidence.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

People are likely to take less time to recognize a woman as a nurse than a man as a nurse because a woman more closely resembles their nurse

Accepted Answer

A)   heuristic.
B)   prototype.
C)   algorithm.
D)   fixation.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Environments that maximize creativity are likely to be those that foster

Accepted Answer

A)   convergent thinking.
B)   contemplation.
C)   belief perseverance.
D)   extrinsic motivation.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Accepted Answer

A)   phonemes.
B)   morphemes.
C)   syllables.
D)   concepts.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list,seeing their A grade,and feeling proud.This ________ simulation had ________ effect on their exam scores.

Accepted Answer

A)   process;little
B)   outcome;little
C)   process;a large
D)   outcome;a largeE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Prompt feedback regarding your performance on psychology practice tests is most likely to inhibit

Accepted Answer

A)   overconfidence.
B)   the framing effect.
C)   convergent thinking.
D)   intrinsic motivation.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

An effort to "consider the opposite" would be most likely to inhibit

Accepted Answer

A)   the availability heuristic.
B)   belief perseverance.
C)   divergent thinking.
D)   insight.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

If a stranger looks like someone who previously harmed or threatened us in some way,we may-without consciously recalling the earlier experience-react warily.This illustrates that our reactions to others may be influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   fixations.
B)   algorithms.
C)   intuition.
D)   overconfidence.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Suddenly understanding the double meaning of a joke best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   belief perseverance.
B)   the availability heuristic.
C)   the framing effect.
D)   insight.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

Master chess players can make correct game moves at such speed that their acquired expertise feels like

Accepted Answer

A)   an algorithm.
B)   a prototype.
C)   extrinsic motivation.
D)   intuition.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important component of

Accepted Answer

A)   creativity.
B)   heuristics.
C)   an algorithm.
D)   intuition.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 10: Thinking and Language

Experienced chicken sexers can tell you a chick's sex at a glance,yet cannot tell you how they do it.Their acquired expertise is such an automatic habit that it feels like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anika resisted changing her answer to a test question after reminding herself that "it's always best to stick with your first answer." Anika's decision best illustrates the use of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mental grouping of similar objects,events,ideas,or people is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are likely to take less time to recognize a woman as a nurse than a man as a nurse because a woman more closely resembles their nurse

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intrinsic motivation is thought to be an important component of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After taking two years of economics courses,Lionel thinks he knows enough about business to become a millionaire.Lionel should become more aware of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One group of chimpanzees slurp termites directly from a stick,another group picks them off the stick one by one.One group of chimpanzees breaks nuts with a stone hammer;another group does this with a wooden hammer.These group differences in food-gathering practices best illustrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Environments that maximize creativity are likely to be those that foster

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a "t" and an "n" produce words such as tan,ten,tin,and ton.These various vowel sounds represent different

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list,seeing their A grade,and feeling proud.This ________ simulation had ________ effect on their exam scores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pigeons can reliably discriminate pictures of cars from pictures of chairs.This best illustrates their capacity to develop

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vocal sounds that are not included in one's native language first begin to disappear from usage during the ________ stage of language development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be most characteristic of a 2-year-old's telegraphic speech?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a stranger looks like someone who previously harmed or threatened us in some way,we may-without consciously recalling the earlier experience-react warily.This illustrates that our reactions to others may be influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A fixation refers to an inability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Master chess players can make correct game moves at such speed that their acquired expertise feels like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An effort to "consider the opposite" would be most likely to inhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suddenly understanding the double meaning of a joke best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prompt feedback regarding your performance on psychology practice tests is most likely to inhibit

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Introductory psychology students facing a midterm exam one week later spent five minutes each day visualizing themselves scanning the posted grade list,seeing their A grade,and feeling proud.This simulation had effect on their exam scores.

Correct Answer
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